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Opening of the Neva River for Navigation
OPENING OF THE NEVA RIVER FOR NAVIGATION, an official holiday from the beginning of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century, celebrating the Neva's clearing from ice and the beginning of the Neva Shipping
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OPOYaZ
OPOYaZ (the Society for Studying Poetic Language), one of the trends of the formal school of literary criticism. The history of OPOYaZ started from the publication of the brochure by V. B. Shklovsky Resurrection of the Word (1914)
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Oppel V. A., (1872 - 1932), surgeon
OPPEL Vladimir Andreevich (1872, St. Petersburg - 1932, Leningrad), surgeon, Doctor of Medicine (1899). He graduated from the Military Medical Academy (1896), and taught there, becoming a professor in 1907
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Optical Telegraph
OPTICAL TELEGRAPH, semaphore telegraph, a visual system of message transfer, using conventional signs (semaphore alphabet, light signals, visible at night as well) given within direct visibility. The St
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Oranienbaum Bridgehead
ORANIENBAUM BRIDGEHEAD (Primorsky Bridgehead), a territory along the shore of the Gulf of Finland, from the Voronka River to Peterhof (about 65 km long and 25 km deep)
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Oranienbaum, palace and park ensemble
ORANIENBAUM, a palace and park ensemble (Lomonosov town) that started to form during the first quarter of the 18th century, when the country estate of A.D. Menshikov appeared on the coast of the Gulf of Finland 44 kilometres from St. Petersburg
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Oranienbaum, Park Museum
ORANIENBAUM, PARK MUSEUM, state in the town of Lomonosov, was established in 1918 in the territory of the palace and park ensemble of the same name. Oranienbaum was opened to visitors in 1922. The museum got its present-day name in 1993
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Orbeli I.A., (1887-1961), orientalist
ORBELI Iosif Abgarovich (1887-1961, Leningrad), orientalist, member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1935), member and the first president of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1943). Brother of L.A. Orbeli
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Orbeli L.A., (1882-1958), physiologist
ORBELI Leon (Levon) Abgarovich (1882-1958), physiologist, member (1935) and vice-president (1942-46) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, member of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1943)
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Orgnabor
ORGNABOR, organized hiring of workers to industrial enterprises. The orgnabor was launched by the resolution of TsIK (Central Executive Committee) and SNK (Soviet of People's Commissars) of the USSR On “otkhodnichestvo” issued on June 30, 1931
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Orlenev Pavel Nikolaevich (1869-1932), actor
ORLENEV (real last name Orlov) Pavel Nikolaevich (1869-1932), actor, People's Artist of the Republic (1926). He studied at the Moscow Imperial Theatre School (1885-86; undergraduate)
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Orlov Family
ORLOV FAMILY, nobles, counts and princes, known since the 17th century. Brothers Grigory, Vladimir, Alexey and Fedor Orlov took an active part in the take-over of 28 June 1762
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Orlovsky B.I., (1796-1837), sculptor
ORLOVSKY (real name Smirnov) Boris Ivanovich (1796-1837), sculptor, adherent of Classicism. Born into a family of serfs. From 1809 studied in Moscow under S.P. Campioni, and from 1817 in St. Petersburg under A. Triscorni
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Orlovsky E.S. (1929 - 2003), human rights activist
ORLOVSKY Ernest Semenovich (1929, Leningrad - 2003, St. Petersburg) was a human rights activist. He graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics of Leningrad State University (1952)
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Orlovsky Park (Strelna)
ORLOVSKY PARK is a landscape park following English traditions. It was laid out in the first half of the 19th century (architect P. S. Sadovnikov) in the estate of Count A. F. Orlov in Strelna
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Orphanages (entry)
ORPHANAGE for children, charitable educational institutions established in 1837-1917, offering 24-hour or day only shelter and primary education for poor children from 3 to 10 years of age
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Osinovaya Roshcha (Aspen Grove)
OSINOVAYA ROSHCHA (Aspen Grove), a former settlement north of Pargolovo at the junction of the Vyborgskoe and Priozerskoe Highways. First records of Osinovaya Roshcha trace back to the late18th century
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Osinovaya Roshcha, the Park
OSINOVAYA ROSHCHA (Aspen Grove) is a park in the village of the same name. It is located two kilometres to the north-east of Levashovo Railway Station. Osinovaya Roshcha is an architectural landscape monument of the end of the 18th - beginning of
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Ossovsky А.V., (1871-1957), music theorist
OSSOVSKY Alexander Vyacheslavovich (1871-1957, Leningrad), music theorist, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1943), Honoured Worker of Arts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1938)
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Ostrogradsky M.V., (1801-1861), mathematician
OSTROGRADSKY Mikhail Vasilevich (1801-1861), mathematician and mechanic, member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1828). He graduated from the University of Kharkov in 1820 and settled in St. Petersburg eight years later
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Ostroumova-Lebedeva A.P., (1871-1955), Artist
OSTROUMOVA-LEBEDEVA Anna Petrovna (1871, St. Petersburg - 1955, Leningrad) graphic artist, aquarellist, people's artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1946), full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR (1949). She married S
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Ostrova, area
OSTROVA (Islands), general unofficial name of Elagin Island, Krestovsky Island and Kamenny Island (see articles), that was common in the 19th - early 20th centuries. In 1934-92, these islands were renamed Kirovskie (after S.M. Kirov)
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Ostrovskogo Square
OSTROVSKOGO SQUARE known as Alexandrinskaya Square before 1923, between Nevsky Prospect and Zodchego Rossi Street. It was renamed after playwright A. N. Ostrovsky (1823-86). The square was designed by architect K. I
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Otechestvennye Zapiski (Notes of the Fatherland), journal
OTECHESTVENNYE ZAPISKI (Notes of the Fatherland). 1) A literary and political journal, founded by P. P. Svinyin as an annual journal. It appeared in 1818-30, from 1820 circulated as a monthly and published articles and material on the history of
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Otkhodniki
OTKHODNIKI, seasonal workers (mainly peasants), who came to St. Petersburg in search of work. Otkhodniki appeared in the city at the beginning of the 18th century and took part in the city's construction
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Otsup P.A. (1883-1963), photographer
OTSUP Peter Adolfovich (1883, St. Petersburg 1963), photographer, initiator of Russian photo reporting. In 1890s he worked as a pupil in a photo studio. From 1900, he worked as photographer for journals Ogonyok, Solntse Rossii, Niva, Nash Vestnik
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Ott D. O., (1855-1929), obstetrician, gynaecologist
OTT Dmitry Oskarovich (1855-1929, Leningrad), obstetrician, gynaecologist, Doctor of Medicine (1884), court medic (1895). Ott graduated from the Medical Surgical Academy in 1879
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Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
OTT INSTITUTE OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, a research institute situated at 3 Mendeleevskaya Street. It was founded in 1797 on the initiative of Empress Maria Fedorovna as the Midwifery Institute named the Imperial Midwifery Institute from 1828
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Our Lady’s Church of Joy for All Who Sorrow
OUR LADY’S CHURCH OF JOY FOR ALL WHO SORROW, located at 24 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue, was built in 1894-98 in the Muscovite style (architects A.I. von Gogen and A.V
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Our Lady’s Church of Joy for All Who Sorrow
OUR LADY’S CHURCH OF JOY FOR ALL WHO SORROW, located at 35a Shpalernaya Street. Constructed in 1817-18, in a late Classicist style (architect L. Rusca), replacing the Holy Resurrection Church built in 1711 at the palace of Tsarina Natalya Alexeevna
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