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Quarters (general article)
QUARTERS, buildings for housing and accommodation of large numbers of people (military personnel, workers belonging to specific enterprises, etc.) spacious (accommodating 50-500 men) common sleeping quarters. Workers' quarters were built in St
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Ration Cards
RATION CARDS. Documents allowing the regular receipt of a certain amount of food from the State Trading Network at a fixed price under conditions of famine or drastic food shortages
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Regiment Settlements (entry)
REGIMENT SETTLEMENTS are places for compact billets of guard regiments inside the city limits in the 18th - early 19th century. They were built in 1739-43 under regular designs specially provided for this purpose (usually the planning included an
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Regimental Holidays
REGIMENTAL HOLIDAYS, in pre-revolutionary Russia holidays of military units, celebrated on the patron saint's day of the church of a military unit (see Military Chapels) or (in rare cases) on the anniversary day of its foundation
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Regimental Museums (entry)
REGIMENTAL MUSEUMS, historical memorial museums attached to guards and army regiments, stationed in St. Petersburg and its suburbs. They emerged in the middle of the 18th century as a relic depository within regiment churches (see Military Churches)
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Resettlement of 1944-45
RESETTLEMENT OF 1944-45, the return back to Leningrad of population and material values that were evacuated in 1941-43. The resettlement was launched after the Lifting of the Siege (January 1944), when about 600,000 people were living in the city
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Road of Life
ROAD OF LIFE, the only transport communication line linking Leningrad to the rest of the country during the Siege of 1941-44. Organized in September 1941, the road passed from Leningrad, through Vsevolozhsk
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Road of Victory
ROAD OF VICTORY, a temporary 33-km long railroad from Polyany to Schlisselburg. The railroad was built from 20 January to 6 February 1943, after breaking the Siege along the southern side of Lake Ladoga
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Rybalchenko S.D. (1903-1986), military commander, general
RYBALCHENKO Stepan Dmitrievich (1903-1986), Soviet military commander, Colonel General of the Air Force (1944). From 1918 served in the Red Army, participated in the Civil War
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Salute of 27 January 1944
SALUTE OF 27 JANUARY 1944, military ceremony in honour of the Lifting of the Siege; the only salute of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 outside Moscow. Fired at 20:00 from the embankment at the St
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Salutes
SALUTES (from lat. salut – greeting), an old manner of greeting (flag salute, artillery salute etc.). Salutes were introduced in the early 18th century by Tsar Peter the Great as a ceremonial ritual at festivities (it was not uncommon that salutes
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Sapper Life Guards Battalion
SAPPER LIFE GUARDS BATTALION, engineer guards sub-division, formed in 1812 of officers and low ranks of engineer troops, excelled in the Patriotic War of 1812. Participated in the wars with France in 1813-14
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Semenovsky Life Guards Regiment
SEMENOVSKY LIFE GUARDS REGIMENT, one of the two oldest infantry guards regiments (along with Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment), its history dates back to 1683 (from "poteshny (toy, amusement) regiments" of Tsar Peter the Great)
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Senyavin А.N. (1716-1797), Admiral
SENYAVIN Alexey Naumovich (1716-1797), Admiral (1793). Participated in the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-39. From 1739 served in the Baltic Fleet. During the Seven Years' War of 1756-63 held command of a battleship
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Service Teams
SERVICE TEAMS, voluntary youth units for local air defence, formed to support Leningrad citizens during the siege of 1941-44. The first service team was formed in February 1942 on the initiative of the Primorsky District Committee of the All-Union
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Shchastny A.M. (1881 - 1918), naval officer
SHCHASTNY Alexey Mikhailovich (1881 - 1918), naval officer, Captain (1917). Graduated from the Naval School (1901) and Mine Officer Classes (1905). Served in the Baltic Fleet, took part in WW I
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Siege of 1941-44
SIEGE of 1941-44, siege of Leningrad by German troops, from 8 September 1941 until 27 January 1944, during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1944; the most tragic chapter in the city's history
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Simonyak N.P. (1901-1956), military commander, General
SIMONYAK Nikolay Pavlovich (1901-1956, St. Petersburg), miltary commander, Lieutenant General (1944), Hero of the Sovit Union (1943). From 1918 in the service in the Red Army. Participated in the Civil War of 1917-22
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Sinyavino Operations of 1941-42
SINYAVINO OPERATIONS of 1941-42. Several offensive operations during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45; failed attacks by Leningrad Front and Volkhov Front forces to lift the Siege of Leningrad
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Soviet-Finnish War, 1939-40
SOVIET-FINNISH WAR OF 1939-40 (also known as the Winter War), part of World War II, launched by the Soviet government shortly after the Soviet-German Border and Friendship Treaty was signed in September 1939
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Suvorov A.V.(1729-1800), military commander
SUVOROV Alexander Vasilyevich (1729-1800, St. Petersburg), military leader, Count of Rymnik (1789), Prince of Italy (1799), Generalissimo (1799). Received home education
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Suvorov Military College, St. Petersburg
SUVOROV MILITARY COLLEGE, St. Petersburg (26 Sadovaya Street), Military Secondary School in preparation for Higher Military Study. Founded after the re-organisation of the Leningrad Kirov Military School
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Trade Route between the Varangians and the Greeks
TRADE ROUTE BETWEEN THE VARANGIANS AND THE GREEKS was a route connecting Scandinavia (Varangians) with Byzantium (Greeks). It started from the Baltic Sea, passed along the Neva River, Ladoga Lake, the Volkhov River, Ilmen Lake, the Lovat River
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Tributs V.F.(1900-1977), Admiral
TRIBUTS Vladimir Fillippovich (1900, St. Petersburg 1977), military commander, Admiral (1943), Doctor of History (1972). Graduated from Petrograd Military School for Medical Assistants (1917), was a medic assistant in the combined regiment of P.E
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Tukhachevsky M.N. (1893-1937), military commander, marshal
TUKHACHEVSKY Mikhail Nikolaevich (1893-1937), Soviet military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1935). Tukhachevsky graduated from the 1st Moskovsky Cadet School (1911), and Alexandrovsky Military School (1914)
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Uhlan Life-Guards Regiment
UHLAN LIFE GUARDS REGIMENT, cavalry guards regiment. Its origin goes back to the Odessa Hussar Regiment, formed in 1803, which served the basis of the Uhlan Regiment of His Highness which was formed the same year
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Ushakov F.F.(1745-1817), Admiral
USHAKOV Fedor Fedorovich (1745-1817), Naval Commander, Admiral (1799). Graduated from the Naval Cadet School (1766; 17 Lieutenant Schmidt Embankment - memorial plaque)
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Vladimir Alexandrovich (1847-1909), Grand Prince
VLADIMIR ALEXANDROVICH (1847, St. Petersburg- 1909, St. Petersburg), Grand Prince, statesman and military officer, Infantry General (1880), Adjutant General (1872), member of the State Assembly (1872), senator (1868), honorary member of the St
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Vladimirsky L. А. (1903-1973),Admiral
VLADIMIRSKY Lev Anatolyevich (1903-1973), Admiral (1941), Candidate of Naval Sciences (1970). Graduated from the Naval Academy in Leningrad (1925, 47 Lieutenant Schmidt Embankment; memorial plaque)
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Volkhov Front
VOLKHOV FRONT, joint USSR armed forces from the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, which operated in the Leningrad and Novgorod regions. The front was formed on 17 December 1941 from left wing Leningrad front forces, and consisted of the 4th, 52nd
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