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Shkvokhin, Vladimir Ivanovich
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Imperial Burial Vault
IMPERIAL BURIAL VAULT. A final burial place for members of the Imperial Family had not yet been ultimately determined during Peter the Great's reign. The Tsars' kin were most often buried at the Holy Annunciation Church Burial Vault
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Imperial Court
IMPERIAL COURT, Russian Emperors' court personnel, organized by Emperor Peter the Great according to French and Prussian courts, finally brought under strict regulations during Emperor Nikolas I's reign
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Imperial Entrances
IMPERIAL ENTRANCES, court ceremonies in the 18th - the early 20th centuries. A ceremonial entrance accompanied the Emperor and members of the Imperial Family from the suites and inner (dwelling) apartments of their residence
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Imperial Funerals
IMPERIAL FUNERALS, one of the most important ceremonies. Performed according to Emperor Peter the Great's funeral (1725), consisting of three parts: display of the body of the departed, transportation of the body to the SS
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Imperial Residences
IMPERIAL RESIDENCES, palaces, the official abodes of the Emperors, the Imperial Court, recognized by law as such; property of the Treasury and maintained at the expense of the State Treasury House. The place of court ceremonies
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Imperial Theatres
IMPERIAL THEATRES (in the 18th century court theatres, in the 19th century also called public theatres), originally intended to entertain the Imperial family, and to entertain and educate the public
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Industrial Architecture (entry)
INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE. Construction of buildings for industrial purposes originally determined the appearance of St. Petersburg and its outskirts. The industrial style buildings included the Admiralty Shipyard, Partikulyarnaya Shipyard
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Industrial Exhibitions (entry)
INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITIONS, organised by the government from the 1820s, intended to boost the national industry, interior and foreign trade, under the jurisdiction of the Trade and Manufactory Department of the Ministry of Finance
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Industry (entry)
INDUSTRY was one of the most important parts of the economy of St. Petersburg, developing concurrently with the city and growing along. Due to the country’s foreign policy and geography
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Institute of Art History
INSTITUTE OF ART HISTORY of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, situated at 5 St. Isaac's Square, a research institution
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Institute of Artistic Culture
INSTITUTE OF ARTISTIC CULTURE, State. The institute was organised in 1923 on the basis of the Museum of Artistic Culture, and was located at 9 St.Isaac's Square
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Institute of Experimental Medicine
INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, a research institute situated at 12 Akademika Pavlova Street. It was founded by Prince A. P. Oldenburgsky as the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine in 1890 to become the first multifield medical and
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Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg
INSTITUTE OF HISTORY of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, located at 7 Petrozavodskaya Street, successor to the Archaeographic Commission. It was established in 1936 as the Leningrad Department of the Institute of History of the
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Integrated House-Building Factory
INTEGRATED HOUSE-BUILDING FACTORY (DSK), facilities ensuring mechanized construction of residential-houses and public buildings to standard designs. The idea of DSK creation was promoted in Leningrad in 1958 (engineers S.M. Verizhnikov, V.Y. Isaev
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Internal Defence Belt
INTERNAL DEFENCE BELT, a series of defence constructions. Built in spring - autumn 1942, from the Seaport, to Avtovo, to Volodarsky Village, to Kupchino Station
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Interyerny (Interior) Theatre
INTERYERNY (INTERIOR) THEATRE, State theatre, St. Petersburg, located at 104 Nevsky Prospect, established on 8 June 1988 as a theatre-studio based on a collective contract. Its founder and artistic director was N.V. Belyak, its main designer M.I
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Inzhenerny Bridges
INZHENERNY BRIDGES (Engineer’s, two bridges in the district of Engineers' (see Mikhailovsky) Castle (hence the name). The first Engineers' Bridge (formerly Letny Bridge) spans the Moika River, along the Fontanka River
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Ioffe A.F., (1880-1960), physicist
IOFFE Abram Fedorovich (1880-I960, Leningrad), physicist, organiser of science, Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1916), the Russian Academy of Sciences (1920)
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Isaakievsky Bridge
ISAAKIEVSKY BRIDGE, (St. Isaac’s Bridge) the first floating bridge over the Bolshaya Neva, opposite what is now Decembrist Square. It linked Admiralteysky Island with Vasilievsky Island. In 1727, the bridge was first launched
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Iskusstv Square
ISKUSSTV SQUARE, situated between Inzhenernaya Street and Italyanskaya Street. Known as Mikhaylovskaya Square from 1834 to 1918, then called Lassalya Square until 1940, in memory of German socialist F. Lassal (1825-64)
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Iskusstvo Leningrada (The Leningrad Art), journal
ISKUSSTVO LENINGRADA (The Art of Leningrad), a monthly illustrated journal on politics, social affairs and art publicism. It circulated from July 1989 until April 1991 as an organ of the Ministry for Culture of the Russian Soviet Federative
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Italyansky Bridge
ITALYANSKY BRIDGE, over the Griboedova Canal, opposite to Italyanskaya Street (hence the name). Constructed on the site of a ferry station (crossing) in 1896 as a pedestrian bridge (engineer L.N
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Ivanov's Wednesdays, Literary and Artistic Meetings
IVANOV'S WEDNESDAYS were weekly literary and artistic meetings held in the flat of poet and philosopher Vyach. I. Ivanov and his wife, and writer, L. D. Zinovyeva-Annibal which became the centre of literary life of St
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Ivanovskaya Street
IVANOVSKAYA STREET, running from Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue to the Moskovskaya Line of the Oktyabrskaya Railroad, part of the Central Arched Line. Named in the 1890s after a house-owner
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Izhora Plants
IZHORA PLANTS (1 Lenina Avenue, Kolpino), an open joint-stock company, which was founded in 1992. It originated from the Menshikov Izhora Sawmill, built in the early 18th century at the Izhora River
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Izhorians
IZHORIANS, ethnic community, descendants of the ancient population of Ingria. Their language is related to the Finno-Ugric group of Uralic language family. Divided from southern Karelian tribes in the end of the first millennium
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Izmaylovsky Life Guards Regiment
IZMAYLOVSKY LIFE GUARDS REGIMENT, third in seniority (after Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky) of infantry regiments in the Russian guards. Formed by a decree of Empress Anna Ioannovna in 1730 in Moscow
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Jewish Cemetery
JEWISH Cemetery (66а Alexandrovskoy Fermy Avenue), in the Nevsky Region, close to Obukhovo Railway Station. Its area is about 27.4 hectares. It was opened in 1875 as a Jewish section of Preobrazhenskoe Cemetery
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Jewish Historical and Ethnographic Society
JEWISH HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC SOCIETY, a scientific society for studying the history and ethnography of Russian Jews. It was founded in 1908 on the initiative of historian S. M
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Jews
JEWS, an ethnic community within the St. Petersburg population. Hebrew is related to the Semitic group of Afrasian languages, Yiddish (was spread throughout the majority of eastern Russia) is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of
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