Kirovsky Plant

Рубрикатор / Economy/Industry
KIROVSKY PLANT (47 Stachek Avenue), a joint-stock company, an enterprise manufacturing a comprehensive range of metallurgy and machinery products; one of the biggest in Russia. It was founded in 1801, when Kronstadt Iron Foundry, which mostly produced artillery shells, was moved to the Peterhof Road. From 1839 to 42 the plant mostly produced what was needed for restoration of the Winter Palace after the fire of 1837. Later the plant passed to different owners several times, and in 1868 it was bought by N. I. Putilov and was named Putilovsky. By the late 1860s the plant started production of rail-tracks, artillery shells, bridge constructions, and other goods. In 1873 the plant became property of a joint-stock company. Manufacturing of freight train cars started in the 1870s, and first passenger cars were made in 1890. In the 1890s plant director N. I. Danilevsky organised production of railway engines. In the early 20th century the artillery department, producing gun turrets for the fleet, field cannonry and gun-carriages, took the leading position in the plant. Three inch light field cannon constructed at the plant in 1902 remained in the inventory of the Russian Army for several decades. The shipbuilding department was made an independent enterprise (see Severnaya Dockyard). Before WW I (1914-18) the plant was one of the biggest in Russia. After October 1917, it was nationalised, since 1922 was known under the name of Krasny Putilovets, since 1934 – as Kirovsky Plant. The plant manufactured tractors, tanks, tramcars, railway platforms, aviation engines, agricultural and power station equipment; the plant manufactured a trial series of cars and different grades of steel were eliquated in the 1920-30s. In the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 a part of the equipment was evacuated, but the front-line plant continued manufacturing guns, ammunition and tanks. The production of turbines for battleships, cargo ships and ice breakers was mastered after the war and tractor construction became an important branch: Kirovets tractor made in the early 1960s became a model for production of other industrial machines. In 1992 the company was reincorporated as a joint-stock company, the program of reorganisation into a group of companies, specialising in manufacturing of various kinds of products, was implemented in 1994. All these companies are a part of Kirovsky Zavod joint-stock company, which had included by the early 2001 included 22 daughter enterprises: Petrostal metallurgic plant produces graded rolled iron, Metallik plant - steel press work and forge work, Splav plant - non-ferrous, iron and steel castings, Peterburgsky Traktorny Zavod, Universalmash, Kirovenergomash, Atomenergo, and other plants produce various agricultural equipment (including universal light tractors, noninversing ploughs, combine harvesters), road building machines, armoured cars for transportation of valuable cargoes, equipment for energy production, machinery for metallurgy, mining engineering, oil and gas industry and many other branches of industry. A considerable part of the total output is ordered by the Ministry of Defence.

References: К столетию Путиловского завода, 1801-1901 гг. СПб., 1902; Мительман М. И., Глебов Б. Д., Ульянский А. Г. История Путиловского завода, 1801-1917. М., 1961; Костюченко С. А., Хренов И. Е., Федоров Ю. Н. История Кировского завода, 1917-1945. М., 1966; Чванова В. В. Вместе с Россией: Кировский з-д: Ист. очерки. СПб., 2001.

V. S. Solomko. Danilevsky Nikolay Ivanovich
Putilov Nikolay Ivanovich
Stachek Ave/Saint Petersburg, city, house 47
К столетию Путиловского завода, 1801-1901 гг. СПб., 1902
Чванова В. В. Вместе с Россией: Кировский з-д: Ист. очерки. СПб., 2001 Winter Palace
Northern Shipyard Plant
1801
1868
1924
1962