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Radio (entry)
RADIO. The first radio transmitter (lightning detector) was demonstrated by А. S. Popov in 1895 at St. Petersburg University. In 1900 Russia's first radio workshop started operations in Kronstadt
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Rakhlin I.Y. (1922-2002), stage director
RAKHLIN Ilya Yakovlevich (1922-2002, St. Petersburg), director, actor, People's Artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1984), Honoured Worker of the Arts of Kazakhstan (1951) and Northern Osetia (1965)
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Rakov L.L. (1904-1970), Historian, Director of the Museum of Leningrad Defence
RAKOV Lev Lvovich (1904-1970, Leningrad), historian, art historian, museum worker, Ph.D. in History (1938). Rakov graduated from the Department of History of the Leningrad State University in 1929
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Rathaus
RATHAUS, the supreme authority of municipal government, established in St. Petersburg in 1798 by order of emperor Paul I instead of the abolished bodies of local government instituted by Cities Letter of Grant of 1785
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Real Estate Agencies (entry)
REAL ESTATE AGENCIES. Until the 1880s, sale, purchase and leasehold transactions in St. Petersburg were processed by a notary, with duty paid and the exchange registered with the police. In 1880-1911, St
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Reformed School
REFORMED COLLEGE, Reformed Church College situated at 38 Moika River Embankment, a secondary education institution founded in 1818 by St. Petersburg's reformed community on the basis of a boarding school managed by pastor J
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Residency Provision Supply Board
RESIDENCY PROVISION SUPPLY BOARD, an administrative committee in charge of apartments and other units pertaining to the police, agency of State administration. It was founded according to the Regulations for the capital city St
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Residential Blocks (entry)
RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS, a site development system typical for new city districts built in the 1920-30s. Due to an acute demand for accommodations in the mid-1920s, individual home building was replaced by residential blocks - a new type of city
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Russian Fire Society
RUSSIAN FIRE SOCIETY (since 1901, Imperial Fire Society). Established in St. Petersburg at the First Russian Firefighters Conference in 1892 with the objective of developing fire prevention measures
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Russian Museum, State
RUSSIAN MUSEUM, State was founded on 13 April 1895 by the decree of Emperor Nicholas II as the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III with the purpose of gathering the collections of Russian art
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Ryumochnye (entry)
RYUMOCHNYE, drinking establishments, appeared in St. Petersburg at the end of the 19th century, meant for guests not looking for a long meal. A glass of vodka was offered with snacks such as sandwich with caviar, fillets
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Saigon Cafe
SAIGON. The restaurant Moscow, whose informal name was Saigon, existed in the 1960-80s (49 Nevsky Prospect; its second informal name was Moscow Region). Opened in 1964, the cafe soon became a meeting place for Leningrad youth subcultures
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Salutes
SALUTES (from lat. salut – greeting), an old manner of greeting (flag salute, artillery salute etc.). Salutes were introduced in the early 18th century by Tsar Peter the Great as a ceremonial ritual at festivities (it was not uncommon that salutes
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Section Guards
SECTION GUARDS, city police officials appointed by two to the sections created by the reform of 1867. One section guard controlled city guards, the other was responsible for preventing crimes
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Sections
SECTIONS, the smallest administrative police unit. In October 1866, St. Petersburg was divided into 38 units (instead of police blocks), and units were divided into 93 sections
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Shrovetide carnivals
SHROVETIDE CARNIVALS, mass popular carnivals that took place in the 18th - early 20th centuries during Shrovetide. Along with the Easter carnivals, Shrovetide was the most pompous and crowded of all
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Skating Rinks
SKATING RINKS. Natural skating rinks on the Neva River and other ponds have been being arranged in St. Petersburg since the beginning of the 18th century. The first public skating rink was opened in 1865 in Yusupovsky Garden as the skating rink of
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Slavonic Society, Petersburg
SLAVONIC CHARITABLE SOCIETY OF St. Petersburg, originates from the Moscow Slavonic Charitable Committee, established in 1858 by the circle of Slavophiles headed by M.P
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Slides
SLIDES, structures erected for public amusement. They represent one of the essential elements of holiday popular carnivals (especially Shrovetide carnivals) in the 18th -19th centuries
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Speshnev N. A. (1821-1882), revolutionary
SPESHNEV Nikolay Alexandrovich (1821-1882, St. Petersburg) was a member of the circle headed by Petrashevsky. In 1836, he entered the Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo. In 1839, he entered the Faculty of Eastern Languages of St. Petersburg University
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Starovoytova G.V. (1946-1998), ethnographer, politician
STAROVOYTOVA Galina Vasilievna (1946-1998, St. Petersburg), public and political figure, human rights advocate, ethnopsychologist, Ph.D. (History) (1975). She lived in Leningrad from 1948
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Station Police Officer
STATION POLICE OFFICER, a police rank. It was established in the course of the city police reform of 1866-67. Police blocks were renamed police stations; a block supervisor became a station police officer; and administrations of blocks became
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Steam Railway
STEAM RAILWAY (horse-drawn railway, steam-driven tram). Urban transport, a type of horse-drawn tram. Steam traction was introduced in 1882 along the Nevskaya Horse-Drawn Railway on the route from Znamenskaya Square (today Vosstania Square) to
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Stray Dog, Cabaret
STRAY DOG (Brodyachaya Sobaka), literary and artistic cabaret. It was opened on 31 December 1911, in the vault of the second courtyard of the building at 5 Mikhailovskaya Street (today Iskusstv Square). It was established by writer A. N
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Street Lighting (in the city)
STREET LIGHTING. In 1718 Tsar Peter the Great issued a decree on "lighting St. Petersburg city streets". In 1720 the first oil lanterns were installed on the streets (architect J.B. Le Blond); they were lighted from August through April
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Strzhelchik V.I., (1921-1995), actor
STRZHELCHIK Vladislav Ignatievich (1921, Petrograd - 1995, St. Petersburg), actor, People"s Artist of the USSR (1974), Hero of Socialist Labour (1988). In 1938-47, he studied at the school-studio of the Bolshoy Drama Theatre under B.A
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Taxi
TAXI (borrowed into Russian from the word derived from English tax), motor vehicles transporting passengers for a fee. Private taxicabs appeared in St. Petersburg in the autumn of 1908, at the same time carrier joint-stock companies sprang up
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Tkachev P.N. (1844-1885/86), revolutionary, publisist
TKACHEV Peter Nikitich (1844-1885), participant of the revolutionary movement, literary critic, publicist, one of the ideologists of revolutionary Narodnichestvo (Populism). From 1851 lived with his family in St. Petersburg
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Town Council
TOWN COUNCIL, the organ of city government. In St. Petersburg it was set up in the 1710s by the Tsar Peter the Great as an organ for management of merchants and commerce. It was located in Troitskaya Square
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Tramway
TRAMWAY (borrowed into Russian as the word derived from English tram (carriage) and way), a means of city rail transport. Three kinds of tramways are known: horse-drawn (see Horse-tram)
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