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A.V. Suvorov monument
A.V. SUVOROV MONUMENT, designed by sculptor M.I. Kozlovsky. The project was approved by Emperor Pavel I in January 1800, when the grand general was still alive
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Alexander Column
ALEXANDER COLUMN (Alexandriisky Pillar), a monument to the victory over Napoleon in the Patriotic War of 1812 standing on Palace Square. It was named in honour of Emperor Alexander I. It was constructed in 1830-1834 (architect A.A. Montferrand)
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Alexander Pushkin, Monuments to (entry)
ALEXANDER PUSHKIN, MONUMENTS TO. In 1881 a temporary plaster bust of Pushkin (from a model by the sculptor I. P. Vitali) was installed in the park at Pushkinskaya Street
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Bronze Horseman
BRONZE HORSEMAN, the popular name of the monument to Emperor Peter the Great on Dekabristov Square. Originated from Alexander Pushkin's poem of the same name (1833); one of the best known Russian monuments and world monumental sculptures
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Catherine II, Monument to
CATHERINE II, MONUMENT TO. Erected on Alexandrinskaya Square (from 1923, called Ostrovskogo Square) in front of the Alexandrinsky Theatre on 24 November 1873. The artist M.O. Mikeshin started work on the plans in 1860
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Chizhik-pyzhik, monument
CHIZHIK-PYZHIK, a decorative composition on the abutment of First Inzhenerny (Engineers') Bridge spanning the Fontanka River; shaped as a tiny bronze bird resting on a granite console (architect V. B. Bukhaev)
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Decorative Monumental Sculpture (entry)
DECORATIVE MONUMENTAL SCULPTURE. The art of monumental sculpture dates back to the time of Peter the Great; its first examples appeared throughout St. Petersburg, at the Summer Garden and various suburb residences
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Gravestones (entry)
GRAVESTONES. The Necropolis-Museum of the 18th Century preserves cast-iron gravestones of T.A. Litvinova, S.A. Apraxina, P.F. Balk-Polev, P.N. Melgunov and others (1730-50s) with typical epitaphs in ornamented frames with armour and heraldic symbols
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Great Patriotic War, Monuments to (entry)
GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR, MONUMENTS TO. The first monuments devoted to the heroic defence of Leningrad appeared in 1944, immediately after the Lifting of the Siege, with concrete steles depicting the Order of the Patriotic War in Memory of the Defensive
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Heroic Defenders of Leningrad, Monument to
HEROIC DEFENDERS OF LENINGRAD, MONUMENT TO was opened in the Pobedy Square 9 June 1975 (the metro station memorial hall was opened 23 February 1978). Architectural-sculptural composition is dominated by a 48-metre obelisk assembled from blocks of
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Lenin, Monuments to (entry)
V.I. LENIN, MONUMENTS TO. After the death of V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin) in 1924, the Soviet People's Commissariat issued a decree to immortalise the memory of the creator of the Soviet Government
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Memorial plaques (general article)
MEMORIAL PLAQUES. Memorial inscriptions in stone and metal first appeared in St. Petersburg as early as the 18h century. On the descents leading to the Neva River
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Monumental Propoganda Plan (monuments)
MONUMENTAL PROPAGANDA PLAN was ratified on 12 April 1918 by the Council of People's Commissars decree on the "removal of monuments, erected in honour of tsars and their servants and the elaboration of monuments of Russian Socialist Revolution" (On
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Monuments to the War of 1812-1814
MONUMENTS TO THE WAR OF 1812-1814, memorial constructions in honour of Russia's military victories during the Patriotic War of 1812 and the campaigns of 1813-14 against Emperor Napoleon I concluding with allied troops marching into Paris on 19 March
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Moscow Triumphal Arch
MOSCOW TRIUMPHAL ARCH built in 1834-38, designed by architect V.P. Stasov, stands on the intersection of Moskovsky Avenue and Ligovsky Avenue in commemoration of the Russian military victories in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29
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Narva Triumphal Arch
NARVA TRIUMPHAL ARCH, built in commemoration of the Patriotic War of 1812 on Narvskaya Square (today, Stachek Square) in 1827-34 (architect V.P. Stasov). The arch replaced the old wooden gate (1814, architect G. Quarenghi, sculptor I.I
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Naval monuments
NAVAL MONUMENTS. St. Petersburg is the cradle of the Russian Navy, which explains the large number of monuments related to the history and eminent naval figures, beginning with its founder Peter the Great. The Boat House in St
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Nicholas I, Monument to
NICHOLAS I, MONUMENT TO. Work of monumental art in the Historical style; also an example of the Neo-Baroque style. Opened on 25 June 1859, on St. Isaac's Square. The project, designed by A.A. Montferrand, was approved in May 1856
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Nilometre
NILOMETRE is situated on the right bank of Moika River, behind Siny Bridge. It was built in 1970-71 (architect V.А. Petrov, engineer P.S. Panfilov) in the form of four-sided obelisk, cut into the granite embankment facing
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Peter the Great' waxwork
PETER THE GREAT's waxwork, a life-size model of Emperor Peter the Great made of wax and wood by sculptor B. Rastrelli in 1725 by the order of Empress Catherine I
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Peter the Great, Monuments to (entry)
PETER THE GREAT, MONUMENTS TO. Monument projects to Peter the Great in the capital founded by him appeared during his lifetime (particularly by N. Pinot, B. Tarsia). In 1716-20, B
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Pioneering Builders of Petersburg, Monument to the
PIONEERING BUILDERS OF PETERSBURG, MONUMENT TO THE, unveiled on 16 October 1995 in the park on Lesnoy Avenue, next to St. Sampson Cathedral where the first city cemetreies, the Orthodox one and the German one used to be located
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Rostral Columns
ROSTRAL COLUMNS, columns with decorative rostrums (with ship bows). The first two rostrum columns, Chesmenskaya and Moreiskaya, were built in the 1770s at Tsarskoe Selo (near Pushkin) in memory of the victories of the Russian fleet (see Russian
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Rumyantsevsky Obelisk
RUMYANTSEVSKY OBELISK was erected by the order of Emperor Pavel I to commemorate the victories of Field Marshal General, Count P.A. Rumyantsev-Zadunaysky (see the Rumyantsevs) in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787-91
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Russo-Turkish wars, Monuments to
RUSSO-TURKISH WARS, MONUMENTS TO. Many monuments devoted to victories by the Russian Army and Fleet during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 have been erected at the Catherine Park at Tsarskoe Selo
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Solovetsky Stone, monument
SOLOVETSKY STONE, a memorial in the public garden on Troitskaya Square, mounted by the Memorial Society on 4 September 2002 (artists E.I. Ukhnalev, Y.A. Rybakov) in memory of victims of political repression (a gift for the tercentenary of St
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Sphinxes
SPHINXES. Mythical creatures with the body of lion and a human head. In the second half of the 18th century, marble sphinxes were installed in the Private Garden in Gatchina and at the Osinovaya Roscha estate
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Stereguschy Monument
STEREGUSCHEMU Monument, unveiled 26 April1911, in Alexandrovsky Park (sculptor K.V. Isenberg, architect A.I. Gogen). During the Russo-Japanese war, on 26 February 1904
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The Green Belt of Glory
THE GREEN BELT OF GLORY, a complex of memorial installations and parks along the border-lines of the Battle of Leningrad, 1941-44. The idea of the establishment of the complex was suggested by poet and front-line soldier M.A
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Thunder-stone
THUNDER-STONE, the name of the granite monolith, that serves as a pedestal to the equestrian statue of Emperor Peter the Great (see Bronze Horseman). It was discovered in 1768 in the forest near Konnaya Lakhta village by a local, S.G
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