hidden
|
Alexander I, Emperor (1777-1825)
ALEXANDER I (1777, St. Petersburg - 1825), Emperor (since 1801). Son of Emperor Paul I and Empress Maria Fedorovna. Brought up by his grandmother, Empress Catherine II
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexander II , Emperor (1818-1881)
ALEXANDER II (1818-1881, St. Petersburg), Emperor (since 1855). He was a son of Emperor Nicholas I and Empress Alexandra Fedorovna. Tsarevitch (from 1831), General of Infantry (1847), Honorary Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1826)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexander III, Emperor (1845-1894)
ALEXANDER III (1845, St. Petersburg — 1894), Emperor (since 1881). Second son of Emperor Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. From 1865, he was heir to the throne and Tsarevitch. He married the Dutch princess, Dagmar (see Maria Fedorovna)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexandra Fedorovna, Empress (1798-1860)
ALEXANDRA FEDOROVNA (1798-1860, Tsarskoe Selo), Empress (from 1825). Nee the Prussian Princess Frederika Louise Charlotte Wilhelmina. Wife (from 1817) of Emperor Nicholas I and mother of Emperor Alexander II
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexandra Fedorovna, Empress (1872-1918)
ALEXANDRA FEDOROVNA (1872-1918), Empress (from 1894). Nee Victoria Alix Helena Brigitte Louise Beatrice, Princess of Hessen-Darmstadt. Wife of Emperor Nicholas II (from 1894)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexey Petrovich, Tsesarevitch (1690-1718)
ALEXEY PETROVICH (1690-1718, St. Petersburg), Tsarevich, heir to the throne, eldest son of Tsar Peter I and his first wife E.F. Lopukhina, father of Emperor Peter II. Received home education
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Anna Ioanovna, Empress (1693-1740)
ANNA IOANNOVNA (1693-1740, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1730). The daughter of Tsar Ivan V, niece of Tsar Peter the Great. In 1710, she married Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Courland, and within two months she was widowed
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Anna Leopoldovna, (1718-1746), "regent"
ANNA LEOPOLDOVNA (1718-1746), granddaughter of Tsar Ivan V, grand-niece of Emperor Peter the Great, mother of Emperor Ivan VI. Nee as Elisabeth Catharina Christine, Princess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Anrep V.K. (1852-1927), director of the Department of Medicine
ANREP Vasily Konstantinovich (1852-1927), statesman and public figure, physician, professor of forensic medicine, Privy Councillor. After graduating from the Medical Surgical Academy in 1876, he took part in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Apraksin P.M. (1659-1728), statesman
APRAKSIN Peter Matveevich (1659-1728), count (from 1710), statesman, acting secret councillor (1725), brother of F.M. Apraksin. In 1698-1708, he was a Novgorod Voevode (military commander)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Arakcheev A.A. (1769-1834), statesman
ARAKCHEEV Alexey Andreevich (1769-1834), count (1799), statesman and military commander, artillery general (1807). Graduated from the Artillery Engineering Gentry Cadet Corps in St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Barclay de Tolli M.B. (1757-1818), military commander, Field Marshal-General
BARCLAY DE TOLLI Mikhail Bogdanovt (Michael Andreas) (1757-1818), prince (1815), military leader and field marshal general (1814). From 1776 served with the Russian Army, took part in wars against Turkey (1787-91) and Sweden (1788-90 and 1808-09)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Benckendorff A. K. (1781-1844), statesman
BENCKENDORFF (v. Benckendorff) Alexander Khristoforovich (Konstantin Alexander Karl Wilhelm Christopher) (1781, St. Petersburg 1844), Count (1832), statesman and military officer, Infantry General, Cavalry General (1829), honorary member of the St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Betskoy I.I. (1704-1795), statesman and teacher
BETSKOY (Betsky) Ivan Ivanovich (1703 or 1704-1795, St. Petersburg), statesman and public figure, actual privy counsellor (1766). He was the illegitimate son of General Field Marshal Prince I.Y. Trubetskoy
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Bezborodko A.A. (1747-1799), statesman
BEZBORODKO Alexander Andreevich (1747-1799, St Petersburg), Serene High Prince (1797), statesman, State Chancellor (1797). From 1765, he served at the Chancellery of the Governor-General of Malorussia (Left-Bank Ukraine)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Biron E.-I. (1690-1772), statesman
BIRON (Buhren) Ernst Johann (1690-1772), Count and Chief Chamberlain (from 1730), Duke of Courland and Semigalia (from 1737), regent of infant Emperor Ivan VI (from 23.10.1740)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Bronze Horseman
BRONZE HORSEMAN, the popular name of the monument to Emperor Peter the Great on Dekabristov Square. Originated from Alexander Pushkin's poem of the same name (1833); one of the best known Russian monuments and world monumental sculptures
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Bruce Y.V. (1670-1735), warlord, statesman
BRUCE Yakov Villimovich (James Daniel) (1670-1735), count (1721), state and war figure, general field marshal (1726). Brother of R.V. Bruce, close friend of Emperor Peter the Great's
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Capital
CAPITAL. St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia from the 1710s until 10-11 March 1918. The city's status as capital came quite spontaneously, and was mostly due to Tsar Peter the Great's having settled there
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Catherine I (1684-1727), Empress
CATHERINE I (nee Marta Skavronskaya) (1684-1727, St. Petersburg), Empress (crowned in 1721), the second wife of Tsar Peter the Great (from 1712), mother of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna. After the death of her husband (1725) she was enthroned by A.D
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Catherine II (1729-1796), Empress
Catherine II (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1761), wife of Emperor Peter III (1745). Nee Sophie Augusta Frederica of Anhalt-Zerbst. Lived in St. Petersburg from 1744, coming to power by dethroning her husband (1762)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Chancellery, His Imperial Majesty's Personal
CHANCELLERY, HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY'S Personal, a supreme public institution. The Chancellery consisted of several divisions, which were established during the first half of the 19th century to carry out the Sovereign's personal supervision over
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Coat of Arms, St. Petersburg
ST. PETERSBURG COAT OF ARMS, an officially approved heraldic emblem. The first known St. Petersburg coat of arms was on the banner of the St. Petersburg Regiment (1712), and showed a heart on the princely mantle beneath a princely crown
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Collegiums (entry)
COLLEGIUMS, central State control facilities, organised on the principle of departments; established by Tsar Peter the Great in 1717-21. Each collegium was headed by a president appointed by the Tsar; each president had a vice-president as a
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Commemorative badge To the Residents of Besieged Leningrad
TO THE RESIDENTS OF BESIEGED LENINGRAD, a commemorative medal, instituted by the Executive Committee of the Leningrad Soviet of 23 January 1989. The decoration was conferred upon those people who lived in Leningrad during the siege of 1941-44 for
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Committee for Military and Naval Affairs
COMMITTEE FOR MILITARY AND NAVAL AFFAIRS, the first Central Soviet Armed Forces Administration. Established at the second All-Russian Congress of Soviets on 26 October (8 September) 1917, and quartered at Smolny. Committee members included V. A
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Consular Institutions (entry)
CONSULAR INSTITUTIONS, or permanent governmental organs for foreign affairs, executed security and protection of economic and judicial interests of their country's citizens and legal bodies, the issuance of visas and passports, and acted as notaries
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Court Ceremonies
COURT CEREMONIES, acts performed by the monarch as part of his responsibilities and duties, accompanied by formal ceremonial spectacles and events. Court ceremonies played an important role in the life of the Imperial Court and were the best (and
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Dashkova E.R. (1744-1810), statesman
DASHKOVA (nee Vorontsova) Ekaterina Romanovna (1744 - 1810 , St. Petersburg),duchess and patroness of science and education. A member of the Vorontsov family. She was a participant of the Court Revolt of 1762 and supporter of Empress Catherine II
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Decorations of Leningrad
THE DECORATIONS OF LENINGRAD, orders conferred upon the city as a token in recognition of its services and achievements. Awards received by Leningrad include the Order of the Red Banner (awarded on 5 December 1919
|
|
|
|
|
