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Pawnshops (entry)
PAWNSHOPS, credit institutions granting loans against movable property. The first pawnshops were founded in St. Petersburg in 1729 as Emperor Peter the Great commanded that the Mint Office should grant interest-bearing loans against gold and silver
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Penaty, Museum Estate
PENATY (411 Primorskoe Highway, Repino) is a museum estate of I. E. Repin, a branch of the Museum of the Academy of Fine Arts. The museum is located near Repino railway station (before 1944, the place was called Kuokkala; in 1918-39
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People's Houses (entry)
PEOPLE'S HOUSES, cultural and educational institutions of a club nature, meant mainly for workers and craftspeople. They were created in St. Petersburg from the early 1880s, as a rule, in the suburbs, subsidized by the Municipal Duma
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People's Volunteer Militia of 1941
PEOPLE'S VOLUNTEER MILITIA (NARODNOE OPOLCHENIE) OF 1941. Volunteer military units formed at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, made up of people not subject to immediate draft upon mobilization
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Peter The Great Clinical Hospital
PETER THE GREAT CLINICAL HOSPITAL (47 Piskarevsky Avenue), general hospital under federal administration. The decision to build the hospital in honour of the 200th anniversary of the city was adopted in 1903
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Peter the Great, Monuments to (entry)
PETER THE GREAT, MONUMENTS TO. Monument projects to Peter the Great in the capital founded by him appeared during his lifetime (particularly by N. Pinot, B. Tarsia). In 1716-20, B
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Petrograd Defence of 1919
PETROGRAD DEFENCE OF 1919. Military operations aimed to protect Petrograd in May-December 1919, during the Civil War. The enemy had planned to seize the city with White Guards and Estonian troops under the command of General N.N
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Petrogradskaya Side
PETROGRADSKAYA SIDE (in the 18th century - Gorodskaya Side, until 1914 - Peterburgskaya Side), the joint name of the territory that includes the following islands: Petrogradsky, Aptekarsky, Petrovsky and Zayachy
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Petrov-Vodkin K.S., Artist (1878-1939)
PETROV-VODKIN Kuzma Sergeevich (1878-1939, Leningrad) was an artist, honoured worker of arts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1930). He trained at the Central College of Technical Drawing from 1895 to 1897
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Petrovskaya Embankment
PETROVSKAYA EMBANKMENT lying between Troitskaya Square and Petrogradskaya Embankment on the right bank of the Neva River on Petrogradskaya Side. It appeared in what was then the city centre in the 1700s as the first embankment of St. Petersburg
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Pharmacies (common)
PHARMACIES, institutions making and distributing medications. The first official drugstore was opened in 1704 in Peter and Paul Fortress; in 1734 it was transferred to the building of the Medical Office at the corner of Millionnaya Street and a lane
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Philharmonic named after D.D. Shostakovich
PHILHARMONIC, Saint Petersburg Academy, named after D.D. Shostakovich, the oldest state concert establishment. Created in 1921 on the foundation of the former Court Orchestra (until 1896 the Court Chorus
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Pimenov S.S. (1784-1833), sculptor
PIMENOV Stepan Stepanovich (1784 - 1833, St. Petersburg), sculptor. Father of N.S. Pimenov. Studied at the Academy of Arts (1795-1803) under M.I. Kozlovsky and I.P. Prokofyev
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Pirogov Memorial General Clinic
PIROGOV MEMORIAL GENERAL CLINIC (51 Bolshoy Avenue, Vasilievsky Island) medical institution and limited company. It was opened in 1999 and carries out a wide number of surgical operations - from plastic surgery to the most difficult cavitary surgery
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Piskarevskoe Memorial Cemetrey
PISKAREVSKOE MEMORIAL CEMETREY (72 Nepokorennykh Avenue), the main site of mass burials of Leningrad residents who starved to death or perished during the siege of 1941-44
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Platz - Drill Grounds (entry)
PLATZ (from German "Platz" - square) is a large and flat area (squares, waste grounds) for drills and army training. The first platz (drill square) in St. Petersburg was Mars Field
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Plekhanov State Mining Institute, St. Petersburg
PLEKHANOV STATE MINING INSTITUTE, St. Petersburg, (the Technical University), located at 2 Twenty-First Line of Vasilievsky Island is the oldest technical institution of higher education in Russia
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Pobedy Square
POBEDY SQUARE located at the intersection of Moskovsky Avenue, Moskovskoe Freeway, Pulkovskoe Freeway and Krasnoputilovskaya Street, and Ordzhonikidze Street. Until 1962
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Pochtamtsky Bridge
POCHTAMTSKY BRIDGE (Post Office Bridge), over the Moika River, beside Prachechny Lane. The bridge was built in 1823-24 (engineers V.K. Traitteur, V.A. Khristianovich) as a chain pedestrian bridge to replace a four-span wooden beam bridge that had
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Political Parties (entry)
POLITICAL PARTIES, groups of people united by political opinions and goals fixed in party documents; possessing certain membership requirements, internal structure and types of activities stated in the regulations; relying on a certain social base
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Popular Carnivals
POPULAR CARNIVALS, one of the forms of mass popular entertainment. In the 18th- 19th centuries up to 30 carnivals were arranged in St. Petersburg annually. Representatives of all the estates and even members of the royal family took part in them
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Postwar Restoration of Architectural Monuments
POSTWAR RESTORATION OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS. During the Siege of 1941-44, 187 of 210 buildings registered by the government as architectural monuments suffered from bombardment, suburban palaces-museums (except for Oranienbaum) were ruined
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Potemkin G. A. (1739-1791), statesman
POTEMKIN (from 1775 Potemkin-Tavrichesky) Grigory Alexandrovich (1739-1791), Count (1774) and His Highness, Prince (1775), statesman and military officer, favourite of Empress Catherine II, her secret spouse (from 1774) and virtual co-ruler
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Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment
PREOBRAZHENSKY LIFE GUARDS REGIMENT, the oldest infantry guards regiment. Founded by Peter I in 1683 in the village of Preobrazhenskoe by Moscow (hence the name), raised to a regiment in 1692, received the title of guards in 1700
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Printing Houses (entry)
PRINTING HOUSES. In 1711-21, four printing houses were opened in St. Petersburg by order of Tsar Peter the Great: the St. Petersburg Printing House, the Senate Printing House
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Prisons (entry)
PRISONS. The first prison in St. Petersburg (Convict gaol, or Convict yard, until 1732 under the jurisdiction of the Admiralty) was built in 1706 in the area of present-day Truda square
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Proletarsky Zavod, Manufacturing Association
PROLETARSKY ZAVOD (3 Dudko Street), an open joint-stock company, the largest manufacturer of ship, energy, and general machinery in the north-west region of Russia
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Publishing houses (entry)
PUBLISHING HOUSES. Publishing in St. Petersburg dates back to 1711, when Tsar Peter the Great ordered the St. Petersburg Printing House to be established. The first printed matter issued in St. Petersburg was Vedomosti newspaper
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Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich (1799-1837), poet
PUSHKIN Alexander Sergeevich (1799-1837, St. Petersburg), poet, prose writer, playwright, historian, journalist. Studied at the Imperial Lyceum at Tsarskoe Selo (1811-17; memorial plaque; presently a memorial museum)
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Pushkin, town
PUSHKIN, a town and municipal unit situated south of Saint Petersburg. Known until 1918 as Tsarskoe Selo, and in 1918-37 as Detskoe Selo. As of 2002, population totalled approximately 95,000 inhabitants
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