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Food Ration Norms
FOOD RATION NORMS fixed on 18 July 1941, at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, together with the introduction of ration cards. Sale norms were standardised for bread, grains, pasta, meat and meat products, fish, oil
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Foreigners in St. Petersburg (entry)
FOREIGNERS, from the 18th to the early 20th century, foreigners were an important element of the St. Petersburg population. Foreigners appeared in the city from the moment of its foundation
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Forestry Engineering Academy
FORESTRY ENGINEERING ACADEMY, Kirov St. Petersburg State Forestry Engineering Academy, situated at 5 Institutsky Avenue. It was founded in Tsarskoe Selo in 1803 as the Real Forestry School reorganised into the Forestry Institute in St
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Former People
FORMER PEOPLE is the name for the operation against people who had earlier belonged to privileged social classes carried out in the course of the repressions of Kirov Stream
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Forsh O.D. (1873-1961), writer
FORSH (nee Komarova) Olga Dmitrievna (1873-1961, Tyarlevo, near Pavlovsk), writer. Graduated from Nikolaevsky Orphane Girls' Institute in Moscow in 1891. She studied painting at various art schools, including the home studio of artist P.P
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Foundation for the Renaissance of St. Petersburg-Leningrad
FOUNDATION FOR THE RENAISSANCE OF ST. PETERSBURG-LENINGRAD (the International Charitable Foundation for the Renaissance of St. Petersburg-Leningrad until 2000) (31 Kirochnaya Street), a non-profit association
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Founding of St. Petersburg
FOUNDING OF ST. PETERSBURG. In May 1703, after the surrender of Nyenschantz, Tsar Peter the Great decided to build a fortress at the mouth of the Neva River on Zayachy Island
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Foundry Yard
FOUNDRY YARD (Liteiny Dvor) (Cannon Foundry Yard), one of the first industrial enterprises of St. Petersburg. It was founded in 1711 on the left bank of the Neva River (at the present-day location of Liteiny Bridge)
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Free Culture, association
FREE CULTURE is an association that was founded in 1990 as the Leningrad Branch of the All-Union Humanitarian Pushkin Fund. In 1992 it became The St. Petersburg Humanitarian Fund of "Free Culture" and in 1997 it was reorganized into the Partnership
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Free Economic Society
FREE ECONOMIC SOCIETY, the Imperial Free Economic Society for the Encouragement of Farming and Housebuilding in Russia, the oldest Russian scientific society. It was founded in 1765 by large landowners striving for higher agricultural efficiency;
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Free Music School
FREE MUSIC SCHOOL was organised by M. A. Balakirev and G. Y. Lomakin to teach singing and organise concerts. It taught choral classes to adults, singing mainly church music
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Free Society for the Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts, Literary and Social Organization
FREE SOCIETY FOR LOVERS OF LITERATURE, SCIENCES AND ARTS (VOLSNK), was a literary and public organization, 1801-25 (with break from 1812-16). It was founded by I. M. Born and I. P. Pnin (he was in charge of it up to 1807). At different times V. V
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Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, Literary and Social Organization
FREE SOCIETY OF LOVERS OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE (VOLRS; Society of the Competitive, from 1819, it was also known as the Professional Republic), literary and social organization in 1816-25
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Freindlikh B.A., (1909-2002), actor
FREINDLIKH Bruno Arturovich (1909 - 2002, St. Petersburg), actor, People's Artist of the USSR (1974). In 1931-34, studied at the Dramatics School (today Academy of Dramatic Arts)
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French
FRENCH, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. French language is related to Romance group of Indo-European languages. Believers are mostly Catholics, while some are Reformists. French artisans appeared in St
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Frenkel Y.I., (1894-1952), physicist
FRENKEL Yakov Iliich (1894-1952, Leningrad), specialist in theoretical physics, Associate of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1929). He came to St. Petersburg in 1909. Here he graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of St
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Frenkel Z. G., (1869-1970), sanitarian
FRENKEL Zakhary Grigorievich (1869-1970, Leningrad), sanitarian and gerontologist, academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1945). He graduated from the faculty of medicine of Yuryev University (1895) and worked as a district
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Fridays, Y. P. Polonsky's Fridays, K. K. Sluchevsky's Fridays
FRIDAYS, Y. P. Polonsky's Fridays and K. K. Sluchevsky's Fridays. Y. P. Polonsky's Literary and Art circle was founded in St. Petersburg in the 1860s, and was known as Polonsky's Friday in St. Petersburg
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Fridman A.A. (1888-1925), physicist, mathematician
FRIDMAN Alexander Alexandrovich (1888, St. Petersburg - 1925, Leningrad), mathematician and physicist. Holder of a master's degree (1922). Graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University (1910)
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Frobel Courses
FROBEL COURSES of Primary Education Assistance (3 Kazanskaya Street) were higher preparatory courses for governesses of pre-school aged children according to the system of German pedagogue F. Frobel (1782-1852)
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Frolov V. A. (1874-1942) artist
FROLOV Vladimir Alexandrovich (1874, St. Petersburg - 1942, Leningrad), mosaic artist. He studied the art under his father A. N. Frolov (1830-1909), a member of the Academy of Arts in mosaics. His brother A. A. Frolov (1861-1897), was an architect
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Frunzensky District
FRUNZENSKY DISTRICT, an administrative and territorial unit of St. Petersburg, with its administration located at 46 Prazhskaya Street. Formed in 1936, it was named in honour of Soviet statesman and military commander M. V
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Fullon I.A., head of the city administration in 1904-1905
FULLON Ivan Alexandrovich (1844-1920), statesman, infantry general (1908), adjutant-general (1904). He graduated from Nikolaevskoe Cavalry School in St. Petersburg (1862). A participant of the suppression of the Polish uprising of 1863-64
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Funeral Rites (entry)
FUNERAL RITES. Burials during the building of St. Petersburg were noted for their utmost simplicity. As C. Weber (1718) witnessed, "a body wrapped in a coarse bast sack, tightened with ropes, and put on a bier
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Funfair Booths
FUNFAIR BOOTHS (Russian balagan, der. from Persian bala?ane - balcony, upper room), makeshift buildings for giving performances during popular carnivals. The first mentions of comedy sheds in St
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Furshtatskaya Street
FURSHTATSKAYA STREET, from Liteiny Avenue to Potemkinskaya Street. The street was laid in the 18th century next to Liteiny Court and named Third Artilleryskaya Street, to adopt the name Furshtatskaya (Furshtadtskaya) Street in 1806 only
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Gakkel Y.M., (1874-1945), Engineer Designer
GAKKEL Yakov Modestovich (1874-1945) was a designer. He was an honored worker of science and technology of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1940)
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Galaktionov S.F., (1779-1854), artist
GALAKTIONOV Stepan Filippovich (1779, St. Petersburg - 1854), graphic artist. He studied under M. M. Ivanov and S. F. Shchedrin in the Academy of Arts in 1785-1800 and taught engraving in 1817-54. A professor of the Academy of Arts from 1831
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Galernaya Street
GALERNAYA STREET, runs from Dekabristov Square to Novo-Admiralteysky Canal Embankment crossing Truda Square. In 1738, it was known as Isaakievskaya Street (after St
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Galley Harbour
GALLEY HARBOUR is an engineering monument from the early 18th century. A rectangular pool located in the western part of Vasilievsky Island in the 18th - early 19th centuries served as a base for naval rowing vessels (galleys, hence the name)
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