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The subject index
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Twelve Collegiums Building
Twelve Collegiums Building
Categories /
Architecture/Architectural Monuments/Public Buildings and Edifices
TWELVE COLLEGIUMS BUILDING (7 Universitetskaya Embankment), an example of Baroque architecture, built in 1722-42 (main architect Domenico Trezzini, with the participation of architects G. Trezzini, M.G. Zemtsov and Т. Schwertfeger) to accommodate high-level public institutions, like the Senate, the Synod, and the Collegiums. The Twelve Collegiums Building was constructed according to a plan conceived by Emperor Peter the Great, which suggested the formation of the capital's civic centre on Vasilievsky Island. The elongated building (about 400 meters long), its front facing the Neva River, seems to be divided into a row of recurring sections, each partitioned with fire walls and spanning several detached roofs. Such a technique goes back to the examples of 17th century architecture, though the front decoration is typical of Peter the Great's Baroque. Trezzini's and Emperor Peter the Great's idea was to have the building's lengthy eastern facade give shape to the parade ground on the Vasilievsky Island Spit. A two-story gallery was added to the west side along the building's full length (architect G. Trezzini). The ornamental interior decoration, preserved in Peter's hall, was executed in 1736 by the Rossi Brothers (stoneworkers and sculptors) C. van Boles (cabinetmaker), and G. Musikiysky (painter). In 1835, the Twelve Collegiums Building came under the control of St. Petersburg University and was partially rebuilt (1834-38, architect A.F. Shchedrin). The open arcade was glazed, a garden was laid out along the front facade, and the front staircases, as well as a white-columned assembly hall, were built in the building's central part. During an archaeological examination held in 2001 under the supervision of P.E. Sorokin, the pavement of the in front of the southern part of the front facade, which dated back to the first half of the 18th century, was partially removed and converted into a museum exhibit. See illustrations on P. 226. References: Грозмани [Иогансен] М. В. Строительство и первоначальный облик здания 12 коллегий - ныне главного здания Ленинградского ... университета... // Вестн. ЛГУ. 1953. № 6. С. 107-129; Иогансен М. В. Работы Доменико Трезини по планировке и застройке Стрелки Васильевского острова в Петербурге // Русское искусство XVIII века: Материалы и исслед. М., 1973. С. 45-55. M. Buylov.
Persons
Boles Harmann van
Musikiysky Grigory Semenovich
Peter I, Emperor
Schwertfeger Theodor
Shchedrin Apollon Feodosievich
Sorokin Peter Egorovich
the Rossis, painters
Trezzini Domenico
Trezzini Giuseppe
Zemtsov Mikhail Grigorievich
Addresses
Universitetskaya Embankment/Saint Petersburg, city, house 7
Bibliographies
Грозмани [Иогансен] М. В. Строительство и первоначальный облик здания 12 коллегий - ныне главного здания Ленинградского ... университета... // Вестн. ЛГУ, 1953
Иогансен М. В. Работы Доменико Трезини по планировке и застройке Стрелки Васильевского острова в Петербурге // Русское искусство XVIII века: Материалы и исслед. М., 1973
The subject Index
Senate
Synod
Spit of Vasilievsky Island
Chronograph
1722
1742
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Anna Ioanovna, Empress (1693-1740)
ANNA IOANNOVNA (1693-1740, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1730). The daughter of Tsar Ivan V, niece of Tsar Peter the Great. In 1710, she married Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Courland, and within two months she was widowed
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Collegiums (entry)
COLLEGIUMS, central State control facilities, organised on the principle of departments; established by Tsar Peter the Great in 1717-21. Each collegium was headed by a president appointed by the Tsar; each president had a vice-president as a
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Gorky Science Library
GORKY SCIENCE LIBRARY of St. Petersburg University (7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment), founded in 1783. The initial library collection belonged to P.F. Zhukov. His library was purchased by order of Empress Catherine the Great and handed over to the
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Gottorp Globe
GOTTORP GLOBE, a unique planetarium globe - a hollow rotating sphere over 3.1 metres in diameter with the Earth surface pictured on the outside and a celestial map on the inside of the sphere
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Lines of Vasilievsky Island (entry)
LINES Of VASILIEVSKY ISLAND, the historical name of a number of parallel streets that intersect Vasilievsky Island from the south to the north: First to Twenty-Ninth Lines, Birzhevaya Line, Kozhevennaya Line, Kosaya Line, Mendeleevskaya Line
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Main Pedagogical Institute
MAIN PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE is an institution of higher education for training teachers for secondary schools and for state and private institutions of higher education
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Mendeleev Museum Archive
MENDELEEV MUSEUM ARCHIVE of St. Petersburg State University (2 Mendeleevskaya Line), founded in 1911 upon the initiative of D. I. Mendeleev's students and colleagues occupies three rooms on the ground floor of the Twelve Colleges building
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Military Collegium
MILITARY COLLEGIUM, a central government institution, army headquarters. Founded in 1719. The collegium occupied various buildings in the Admiralteyskaya and Liteinaya sections of the city; aside from this
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Peter I the Great (1672 - 1725), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721).
Peter I the Great (1672–1725, SPb), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721). He was a son of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in the second marriage (to N. К. Naryshkina)
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Peter the Great (1672-1725), Emperor
Peter the Great (Peter I) (b. 1672, d. 1725 in St. Petersburg), Tsar (from 1682) and Emperor (from 1721) of Russia, founder of St. Petersburg. Peter was the son of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich (born from his second marriage) and N. K. Naryshkina
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Reference and Standard Plans (entry)
REFERENCE AND STANDARD PLANS. Used since St. Petersburg's first founding years to erect residential and service buildings. Because of a lack of materials, in the 1700s-10s, most cottages were from plastered bricks or logs
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Senate
SENATE (The Ruling Senate) was the highest state institution of the Russian Empire. It was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 22 February 1711 as the highest organ of legislation, administration and judiciary
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Shchedrin A.F. (1796-1847), architect
SHCHEDRIN Apollon Feodosievich (1796-1847), architect, representative of late Neoclassicism. The son of F.F. Shchedrin. In 1818, graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts
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Spit of Vasilievsky Island
SPIT OF VASILIEVSKY ISLAND, a cape in the eastern part of Vasilievsky Island, washed by the Bolshaya Neva and Malaya Neva rivers, the highest part of the island and one of the main architectural ensembles of St. Petersburg. Built to architect D
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State University, St. Petersburg
STATE UNIVERSITY, ST. PETERSBURG (SPSU) (7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment) is one of the largest educational, scientific and cultural centers of Russia. The university comes from the Academic University
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Trezzini D. (1670-1734), architect.
TREZZINI Domenico (circa 1670-1734), Italian of Swiss descent, architect, city-planner, representative of the Petrine Baroque (Peter's the Great epoch). From 1703, lived in Russia
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Universitetskaya Embankment
UNIVERSITETSKAYA EMBANKMENT (prior the end of the 18th century, Kadetskaya Embankment, until 1887 - Bolshaya Neva River Embankment), is situated on the right bank of the Bolshaya Neva, between Birzhevaya Square and Sixth Line of Vasilievsky Island
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Vasileostrovsky District
VASILEOSTROVSKY DISTRICT is an administrative territorial unit of St. Petersburg. (Its territory administration is located at 55 Bolshoy Avenue of Vasilievsky Island) Its present-day borders were formed in 1917 (the western part was a separate
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Vasilievsky Island
VASILIEVSKY ISLAND, the largest island in the estuary of the Neva 1,090 hectares in area. The island is washed by the Bolshaya Neva in the south and the Malaya Neva in the northeast
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Zemtsov M.G. (1688-1743), architect.
ZEMTSOV Mikhail Grigoryevich (1688-1743, St. Petersburg), architect, graphic artist, theorist of architecture, representative of the early Baroque. He studied at the Armoury Printing House School in Moscow. He worked in St
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