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The subject index
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Alexander Column
Alexander Column
Categories /
Architecture/Sculpture, Monuments
ALEXANDER COLUMN (Alexandriisky Pillar), a monument to the victory over Napoleon in the Patriotic War of 1812 standing on Palace Square. It was named in honour of Emperor Alexander I. It was constructed in 1830-1834 (architect A.A. Montferrand). In 1830-32 the monolith of red granite was quarried and processed in Pyuterlakskaya quarry located near Vyborg (the work conducted to S.K. Sukhanov's method were supervised by masters S.V. Kolodkin and V.A. Yakovlev), loaded on a special pram and with two steamships towed to St. Petersburg. To make the foundation for the pedestal of the Alexander Column 1250 piles six metres long each were rammed. On 30 August 1832, the monolith was lifted up with the help of 60 capstans and a system of pulleys and then placed on the pedestal without any fastening. 3,000 people, including 1440 soldiers and 300 sailors, took part in the lifting of the column. On 30 August 1834, on the grand opening of the Alexander Column a parade of Guards regiments was held. To commemorate this event a memorial medal was issued. The height of the Alexander Column is over 25.5 metres, the lower diameter is equal to 3.66 metres, the upper is 3.19 metres, it weighs about 600 tonnes. The column is crowned with the bronze figure of an angel with a cross (the features of its face were those of Emperor Alexander I) trampling a snake - the symbol of the triumph of good over evil (sculptor B.I. Orlovsky). The pedestal is decorated with bronze allegoric bas-reliefs (sculptors P.V. Svintsov, I. Leppe, to the drafts of G.B. Scotti). The total height of the Alexander Column is 47.5 metres. During the siege the monument was damaged with shells splinters, restored in 1963 (team-leader N.N. Reshetov, works were supervised by restorer I.G. Blek). In 1977, the asphalt pavement around the Alexander column was substituted with a diabase cube, four street lamps on its sides were recreated in their original shape. In 2002-2003, a comprehensive reconstruction was carried out and the historical railing was restored. The Alexander Column is a compositional centre and the main component of the architectural ensemble of Palace Square. References: Ротач А. Л. Александровская колонна. Л., 1966; Шуйский В. К. Александровская колонна: история создания // Невский архив: Ист.-краевед. сб. СПб., 2001. [Вып. 5]. С. 161-185. Y. M. Piryutko.
Persons
Alexander I, Emperor
Black I.G.
Kolodkin S.V.
Leppe Ivan
Montferrand Auguste Augustovich (Henri Louis Auguste Leger Ricard de)
Orlovsky (real name Smirnov) Boris Ivanovich
Piryutko Yury Minaevich
Reshetov N.N.
Rotach Alexander Lukich
Scotti Giovanni Batista (Ivan Karlovich)
Sukhanov Samson Xenofontovich
Svintsov Peter Vasilievich
Yakovlev Vladimir Anatolievich
Addresses
Dvortsovaya Square/Saint Petersburg, city
Bibliographies
Ротач А. Л. Александровская колонна. Л., 1966
Шуйский В. К. Александровская колонна: история создания // Невский архив: Ист.-краевед. сб. СПб., 2001
The subject Index
Siege of 1941-44
Chronograph
1832
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Alexander I, Emperor (1777-1825)
ALEXANDER I (1777, St. Petersburg - 1825), Emperor (since 1801). Son of Emperor Paul I and Empress Maria Fedorovna. Brought up by his grandmother, Empress Catherine II
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Bird Charles, (1766-1843), engineer, entrepreneur
BIRD Karl Nikolaevich (Charles) (1766-1843, St. Petersburg), engineer and entrepreneur. A native of Scotland, he lived in Russia from 1786, serving as an assistant to K. K. Gascoigne at Alexandrovsky Gun Works in Petrozavodsk until he moved to St
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Foil Rolling Plant
FOIL ROLLING PLANT (1 Perevoznaya Street), an open joint-stock company from 1992, the only aluminium foil manufacturer in European Russia. It was founded by K. N
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Montferrand A.A. (1786-1858), architect
MONTFERRAND Auguste Augustovich (Henri Louis Auguste Leger Richard) (1786-1858, St. Petersburg), architect, actual state counsellor (1858), honorary associate of the St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts
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Monuments to the War of 1812-1814
MONUMENTS TO THE WAR OF 1812-1814, memorial constructions in honour of Russia's military victories during the Patriotic War of 1812 and the campaigns of 1813-14 against Emperor Napoleon I concluding with allied troops marching into Paris on 19 March
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Museum of City Sculpture
MUSEUM OF CITY SCULPTURE, State Museum of City Sculpture (STCS) (179/2 Nevsky Prospect) was organised in 1939 with the aim to keep records, provide protection and carry out restoration of major monuments
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Natural stone
NATURAL STONE. Since the early 18th century, Putilovo slab limestone has been used in construction (quarried by Putilovskaya Mountain near the mouth of the Volkhov River)
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Orlovsky B.I., (1796-1837), sculptor
ORLOVSKY (real name Smirnov) Boris Ivanovich (1796-1837), sculptor, adherent of Classicism. Born into a family of serfs. From 1809 studied in Moscow under S.P. Campioni, and from 1817 in St. Petersburg under A. Triscorni
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Palace Square
PALACE SQUARE, St. Petersburg's main square, the traditional location for city-wide festivities, and is part of the central square system of the Neva River's left bank
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Pehl A. K. (1809-1902), architect
PEHL Alexander Khristoforovich (1809, St. Petersburg 1902, ibidem), architect. Graduated from the Academy of Arts (1833), associate academy member of architecture (1847), adherent of late Neoclassicism and Eclecticism. Assisted architect А.А
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Pevchesky Bridge
PEVCHESKY BRIDGE (Chants' Bridge), over the Moika River, at Pevchesky Passage, opposite Palace Square, besides the building of the Pevcheskaya (Choral) Chapel, (hence the name of the bridge). The bridge was built in 1839-1840 (engineer E.A
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Rachau K.K., (1830-1880), architect
RACHAU Karl Karlovich (1830 - 1880, St. Petersburg), architect, one of the prominent representatives of St. Petersburg Eclectism, master of interiors, accentuating small forms and an architectural scholar
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Scotti D.B., (1776 -1830), artist
SCOTTI Giovanni Batista (Ivan Karlovich) (1776-1830, St. Petersburg), master of monumental decorative Classical painting. Studied under his father, Karl Scotti, a native of northern Italy, with whom he worked from 1786 until the 19th century
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