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Entries
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Lifting of the Siege, 1944
Lifting of the Siege, 1944
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Army. Navy/Blokade
LIFTING THE SIEGE. Part of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45; the complete liquidation and annihilation of all military threats to Leningrad, and the restoration of normal functioning of city communications. The final stage of the Battle for Leningrad of 1941-44. The result of the Leningrad-Novgorod Offensive, conducted by the Leningrad Front, the Volkhov Front and the 2nd Baltic Front on 14 - 20 January 1944. The 2nd Strike Army launched a counter strike from the Oranienbaum Bridgehead, as did the 42nd Army from Leningrad's southwest border; on January 19, they united in the Russko-Vysotskoe Region, carrying forth their advance, and by January established the Kotly–Kingisepp line, along the Luga River's middle stream. On 21 January, the 67th Army launched an assault from the Kolpino Region towards Pushkin, Pavlovsk and further on to the southwest, reaching the area of Divenskaya Station by 30 January. Forces from the 8th and 54th armies liberated the west of the Leningrad Region as far as the line, to the upper reach of the Oredezh River, the Volkhov River's middle stream; army forces also occupied Lyuban, Tosno and Chudovo. On 27 January, a salute was fired and the Lifting of the Siege was declared in Leningrad. Offensive action lasted until the beginning of March, when Soviet troops approached Pskov and the Latvian border. The final operation in the Lifting of the Siege was an attack by the 21st and 23rd armies on the Karelian Isthmus from 10 to 20 June, forcing Finnish troops back beyond the Vyborg Line and the Vuoksa River. References: Славная победа под Ленинградом: Воспоминания, ст. и док., посвящ. разгрому нем.-фашист. войск под Ленинградом. Л., 1976; Освобождение Ленинграда от вражеской блокады: Красносельско-Ропшинская наступательная операция Ленингр. фронта, янв.-февр. 1944 г.: Боевые действия второй Ударной армии: [Сб.]. СПб., 1994. G. V. Kalashnikov.
Bibliographies
Славная победа под Ленинградом: Воспоминания, ст. и док., посвящ. разгрому нем.-фашист. войск под Ленинградом. Л., 1976
Освобождение Ленинграда от вражеской блокады: Красносельско-Ропшинская наступательная операция Ленингр. фронта, янв.-февр. 1944 г.: Боевые действия
второй ударной армии: [Сб.]. СПб., 1994
The subject Index
Battle for Leningrad, 1941-44
Volkhov Front
Oranienbaum Bridgehead
Chronograph
1944
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2nd Strike Army
2ND STRIKE ARMY, an armed forces unit of the USSR. Formed in December 1941 along the Volkhov Front for offensive action, to break through the Siege of Leningrad. In January – July 1942, during the Lyuban Offensive, it was encircled and defeated
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8th Army
8th ARMY. An armed forces unit of the USSR. Formed in October 1939 as a part of the Leningrad Air Defence Force. On 22 June 1941, it was located on the frontier along the Neman River, and included the 10th and 11th Infantry corps
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42nd Army
42ND ARMY. An armed forces unit of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45. Formed in August 1941 on the Leningrad Front. Comprised of the 2nd and 3rd Guards divisions of the People's Volunteer Militia, the 6th Marine Brigade
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Battle for Leningrad, 1941-44
BATTLE FOR LENINGRAD, military operations defending Leningrad against German and Finnish troops in 1941-44 during the Great Patriotic War. The battle started on 10 July 1941, when German troops approached the line of the rivers Narva, Luga
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Breaking of the Siege (1943)
BREAKING OF THE SIEGE 1943, 12 - 30 January, an offensive operation, code named "Iskra" (Sparkle), along the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts by Baltic Fleet forces in the region of the Schlisselburg-Sinyavino heights
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Evacuation of 1941-43
EVACUATION OF 1941-43. The relocation of people, equipment and capital from Leningrad during the Siege, conducted according to regulations set by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks) and the Soviet of People's
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Fedyuninsky I.I. (1900-1977), military commander, general
FEDYUNINSKY Ivan Ivanovich (1900-1977), Soviet military commander, General (1955), Hero of the Soviet Union (1939). From 1919 served in the Red Army. Participated in the Civil War
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Govorov L.A. (1897-1955), military commander, Marshal
GOVOROV Leonid Alexandrovich (1897-1955), military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1944), Hero of the Soviet Union (1945). In 1916 enrolled in Petrograd Polytechnic Institute
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Great Patriotic War, Monuments to (entry)
GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR, MONUMENTS TO. The first monuments devoted to the heroic defence of Leningrad appeared in 1944, immediately after the Lifting of the Siege, with concrete steles depicting the Order of the Patriotic War in Memory of the Defensive
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Izhora Battalion
IZHORA BATTALION, a volunteer subunit formed in Kolpino in September 1941 as a separate battalion of Izhora workers, gathered on the basis of previously organized detachments, which mainly consisted of workers form the Izhorsky Factory
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Leningrad Front
LENINGRAD FRONT. Joint USSR armed forces during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 fighting against German and Finnish troops in Leningrad Region and in Estonia
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Leningrad Headquarters for Partisan Operations
LENINGRAD HEADQUARTERS FOR PARTISAN OPERATIONS. Established on 27 September 1941 under the Leningrad Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks), headed by M. N. Nikitin, Secretary of the Regional Committee)
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Meretskov K.A. (1897-1968), military commander, marshal
MERETSKOV Kirill Afanasievich (1897-1968), Soviet military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1944), Hero of the Soviet Union (1940). Participated in the Civil War
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Resettlement of 1944-45
RESETTLEMENT OF 1944-45, the return back to Leningrad of population and material values that were evacuated in 1941-43. The resettlement was launched after the Lifting of the Siege (January 1944), when about 600,000 people were living in the city
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Restoration Workshops and Organizations
RESTORATION WORKSHOPS AND ORGANIZATIONS. Restoration work in St. Petersburg has developed since the end of the 19th century. The reconstruction of historical and cultural monuments was first considered by the Imperial Archaeological Commission
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Road of Victory
ROAD OF VICTORY, a temporary 33-km long railroad from Polyany to Schlisselburg. The railroad was built from 20 January to 6 February 1943, after breaking the Siege along the southern side of Lake Ladoga
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Rybalchenko S.D. (1903-1986), military commander, general
RYBALCHENKO Stepan Dmitrievich (1903-1986), Soviet military commander, Colonel General of the Air Force (1944). From 1918 served in the Red Army, participated in the Civil War
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Siege of 1941-44
SIEGE of 1941-44, siege of Leningrad by German troops, from 8 September 1941 until 27 January 1944, during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1944; the most tragic chapter in the city's history
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Simonyak N.P. (1901-1956), military commander, General
SIMONYAK Nikolay Pavlovich (1901-1956, St. Petersburg), miltary commander, Lieutenant General (1944), Hero of the Sovit Union (1943). From 1918 in the service in the Red Army. Participated in the Civil War of 1917-22
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Summer Garden
SUMMER GARDEN (Dvortsovaya Embankment), an 18th-19th century landscaping monument. It is the oldest city garden in the central part of St. Petersburg, and is situated on the left bank of Neva, on an island formed by Fontanka River
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Tributs V.F.(1900-1977), Admiral
TRIBUTS Vladimir Fillippovich (1900, St. Petersburg 1977), military commander, Admiral (1943), Doctor of History (1972). Graduated from Petrograd Military School for Medical Assistants (1917), was a medic assistant in the combined regiment of P.E
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Volkhov Front
VOLKHOV FRONT, joint USSR armed forces from the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, which operated in the Leningrad and Novgorod regions. The front was formed on 17 December 1941 from left wing Leningrad front forces, and consisted of the 4th, 52nd
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