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Entries
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Lomonosov Porcelain Factory
Lomonosov Porcelain Factory
Categories /
Art/Fine Arts/Art and Craft Production
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Economy/Industry
LOMONOSOV PORCELAIN FACTORY (LPF) (151 Obukhovskoy Oborony Anevue) is the largest porcelain factory in the country, leading manufacturer of decorative porcelain. The factory was established in 1744 as the Portselinovaya Manufactory. In 1765 it was renamed Imperial Porcelain Factory, and in 1917 —State Porcelain Factory. The factory was named after M. V. Lomonosov in 1925. The factory has had its present-day name since 1993. The discovery of making solid porcelain of domestic raw materials by D. I. Vinogradov (there is a memorial plaque on the building of the factory) contributed to growth of the factory. From the day of its foundation, the factory completed orders of the royal court, and the product line of the Factory revealed the tastes dominating at the court. The factory employed both Russian and foreign craftsmen. An important role in the history of the factory was played by French sculptor J. D. Rachette (modelmeister in 1779-1814), the founder of classicism tradition in Russian porcelain-making. Grand table services, named Arabeskovy (1784), Yakhtinsky (1780-90s), and Kabinetsky (1795) numbering up to 1000 items, were produced at the factory during the time of his service. In 1809-30, the sculptural workshop was supervised by S. S. Pimenov, who designed porcelain pieces in the Empire style used in Guryevsky table service (1809-17) with the artwork based on drawings from the book by C. Geissler entitled “St. Petersburg scenes and types.” From the 1830s on, the factory products felt the influence of eclecticism, distinguished by outward luxury and wealth of decor. The products included palace table services for the majority of Imperial residences of St. Petersburg under Emperor Alexander I and Emperor Nicholas I (for example, Banketny table service made in 1848-53 with some 5500 items for the Grand Palace in Peterhof). During the reign of Emperor Alexander II who showed no interest in the factory the output was reduced. In the 1880-90s, under the influence of Emperor Alexander III, Chinese and Japanese vases were preferred, and underglaze painting became fashionable. In the beginning of the 20th century, artists V. A. Serov, K. A. Somov, sculptors K. K. Rausch von Traubenberg and S. N. Sudbinin who embodied the Russian Art Nouveau style in artistic porcelain worked for the Factory. In 1918, the factory passed under the jurisdiction of the People's Commissariat of Education. The Commissariat commissioned production of the so-called propaganda porcelain according to the sketches and models by artist S . V. Chekhonin, who served as the artistic adviser of the factory in 1918-23 and in 1925-27, and artists A. V. Shchekatikhina-Pototskaya, M. V. Lebedeva, sculptor N. Y. Danko, V. V. Kuznetsova and others. A number of original shapes and patterns were created by artists representing the Suprematist school of art, headed by K. S. Malevich. In the 1930-50s, the factory produced serial everyday tableware and special items as ordered by state commissions (vases, sculptures), as well as technical porcelain. The artistic laboratory of the factory, opened in 1930, was headed by N. M. Suetin in 1932-52. The laboratory worked on designing the style of socialist everyday art. In the 1960s, the interest in white porcelain, simple shapes and constructional laconicism of geometrical volumes came back. New models were developed for serial and mass production of genre sculpture, table and tea services, and decorative vases. Making of thin-walled bone porcelain was started in 1968. Present-day factory products are made according to the design by artists and sculptors A. V. Vorobievsky, V. M. Gorodetsky, E. M. Krimmer, A. A. Leporskaya, V. L. Semenova, N. P. Slavina, S. E. Yakovleva, I. I. Riznich, E. I. Charushin, A. A. Yatskevich and others. The collection of the factory museum founded in 1844 numbered some 20,000 exhibits when in 2001 it was transferred to the State Hermitage. The names of Forforovskaya Street and Forforovskaya railway station originate from the name of the factory. References: Императорский фарфоровый завод, 1744-1904. СПб., 1906; Русский фарфор: Искусство первого в России фарфорового з-да. Л., 1968; Советский фарфор: Искусство Ленингр. гос. фарфорового з-да им. М. В. Ломоносова. Л., 1974; Агаркова Г. Д. Ленинградские фарфористы. М., 1984. O. L. Leikind, D. Y. Severyukhin.
Persons
Alexander I, Emperor
Alexander II, Emperor
Alexander III, Emperor
Catherine II, Empress
Charushin Evgeny Ivanovich
Chekhonin Sergey Vasilievich
Danko Natalia Yakovlevna
Geissler Christian Gottfried Heinrich
Gorodetsky Vladimir Mikhailovich
Krimmer Eduard Mikhailovich
Kuznetsov Vasily Vasilievich
Lebedeva Maria Vasilievna
Leporskaya Anna Alexandrovna
Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilievich
Malevich Kazimir Severinovich
Nicholas I, Emperor
Pimenov Stepan Stepanovich
Rachette Jean-Dominique
Rausch von Traubenberg Konstantin Konstantinovich, Baron
Riznich I.I.
Semenova V.L.
Serov Valentin Alexandrovich
Shchekatikhina-Pototskaya Alexandra Vasilievna
Slavina N.P.
Somov Konstantin Andreevich
Sudbinin Serafim Nikolaevich
Suetin Nikolay Mikhailovich
Vinogradov Dmitry Ivanovich
Vorobyevsky Alexey Viktorovich
Yakovleva Serafima Evgenievna
Yatskevich A.A.
Addresses
Farforovskaya St./Saint Petersburg, city
Obukhovskoy Oborony Ave/Saint Petersburg, city, house 151
Bibliographies
Императорский фарфоровый завод, 1744-1904. СПб., 1906
Русский фарфор: Искусство первого в России фарфорового з-да. Л., 1968
Советский фарфор: Искусство Ленингр. гос. фарфорового з-да им. М. В. Ломоносова. Л., 1974
Агаркова Г. Д. Ленинградские фарфористы. М., 1984
The subject Index
Hermitage
Hermitage
Chronograph
1744
1746
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Charushin E.I., (1901-1965), the artist
CHARUSHIN Evgeny Ivanovich (1901-1965, Leningrad), the graphic artist, writer, honorable art figure of the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic (1945). He studied at the Academy of Arts (1922-26) under the supervision of A. I. Savinov and A. A
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Chekhonin S.V. (1878-1936), artist
CHEKHONIN Sergey Vasilievich (1878-1936), painter and graphic artist. He did his studies at the Drawing School of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts (1896-97) and at Princess M.K. Tenisheva's school under I.E. Repin (1897-1900)
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Danko N.Y. (1892-1942), sculptor
DANKO (Danko-Alexeenko) Natalia Yakovlevna (1892-1942), sculptor-ceramist. Living in St. Petersburg from 1908, she studied in workshops of M.L. Dillon and L.V. Shervud. From 1909 she worked in the workshop of sculptor V.V. Kuznetsov
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Elizaveta (Elizabeth) Petrovna (1709-1761), Empress
ELIZAVETA (Elizabeth) PETROVNA (1709-1761, St. Petersburg), Empress (since 1741), daughter of Peter the Great and Elizaveta I. Before taking the throne, she lived in a palace at the Tsaritsyn Medow in St
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Farforovskaya Street
FARFOROVSKAYA STREET, a street running from Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue to Sedova Street. Laid out in the second half of the 19th century and given the name Bolshaya Shchemilovka Street after the cognominal Shchemilovka township
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Gas Supply Services
GAS SUPPLY SERVICES. The first gas-generating retort installations in Russia appeared in St. Petersburg in the early 19th century. Initially gas was used for lighting. In 1819 the first gas lamps were lit on Aptekarsky Island
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His Imperial Majesty's Cabinet
HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY'S CABINET, central state institution. Created in 1704 as Tsar Peter the Great's private cabinet, conducting the personal correspondence of Russian Emperors, managing their personal finances and property
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Industrial Architecture (entry)
INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE. Construction of buildings for industrial purposes originally determined the appearance of St. Petersburg and its outskirts. The industrial style buildings included the Admiralty Shipyard, Partikulyarnaya Shipyard
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Ivanov I.A. (1779-1848), artist
IVANOV Ivan Alexeevich (1779 - 1848, St. Petersburg), watercolourist and engraver. Nephew of I.E. Starov. Studied at the Academy of Arts (1789-98), where he taught (in 1817-40) and of which he became a member (1830). Portraying the sights of St
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Kachalov N.N., (1883-1961), chemist
KACHALOV Nikolay Nikolaevich (1883-1961), chemical process engineer, Associate of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1933), Honoured Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1935). Graduated from the St
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Lansere E.E., (1875-1946), Artist
LANSERE Evgeny Evgenievich (1875, Pavlovsk - 1946) graphic artist and painter, people's artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1945). He was a son of the sculptor E. A. Lansere, brother of N. E. Lansere and Z. E. Serebryakova
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Lebedev V.V., (1891-1967), Artist
LEBEDEV Vladimir Vasilievich (1891, St. Petersburg - 1967) painter and graphic artist, people's artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1966), corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR from 1967
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Lomonosov M.V. (1711-1765), scientist, poet
LOMONOSOV Mikhail Vasilievich (1711-1765), scientist, poet, enlightener. He came from a prosperous family based by the White Sea. In 1731-35 he studied in Moscow, from 1736 in the Academic University of St
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Malevich K.S., (1878-1935), Artist
MALEVICH Kazimir Severinovich (1878-1935, Leningrad) artist, art theorist. He was trained at the studio of F. I. Rerberg (1905-10) in Moscow. He lived in Moscow until 1919. Had phases of enthusiasm for impressionism, primitivism, cubofuturism
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Matveev A.T., (1878-1960), sculptor
MATVEEV Alexander Terentievich (1878-1960), sculptor, honoured Worker of Art of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1931), doctor of art criticism (1939)
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Museums (general article)
MUSEUMS. Russia's first public museums appeared in St. Petersburg. In 1702 Peter the Great issued first orders on collecting and exhibiting high-quality models and various rarities
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Nevskaya Zastava
NEVSKAYA ZASTAVA (outpost), a historical name of the territory along the left bank of the Neva River from Alexander Nevsky Lavra to Rybatskoe. It encompasses the following historical districts and localities: Steklyanny Settlement (Glass Settlement)
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Nevsky District
NEVSKY DISTRICT, an administrative and territorial unit of St. Petersburg, with its administration located at 163 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue. Formed in 1917, it was called Volodarsky District in 1920-49
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Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue
OBUKHOVSKOY OBORONY AVENUE from Alexandra Nevskogo Square to Karavaevskaya Street. It was laid in the early 18th century as a road to Arkhangelsk through Shlisselburg and was known as Shlisselburgskaya Road, Shlyutenburgskaya Road
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Pavsky G.P. (1787-1863), Archpriest
PAVSKY Gerasim Petrovich (1787, Churchyard of Pava of St. Petersburg province - 1863, St. Petersburg), archpriest, philologist and church historian, Doctor of Theology (1821), member of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1858)
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Pimenov S.S. (1784-1833), sculptor
PIMENOV Stepan Stepanovich (1784 - 1833, St. Petersburg), sculptor. Father of N.S. Pimenov. Studied at the Academy of Arts (1795-1803) under M.I. Kozlovsky and I.P. Prokofyev
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Punin N.N., (1888-1953), art historian
PUNIN Nikolay Nikolaevich (1888-1953), art theorist, historian, and museum worker. He lived in Pavlovsk and Tsarskoe Selo from the early 1900s. In 1907-14, he studied at the law faculty and faculty of history and philosophy of Petersburg University
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Rozhdestvensky D.S., (1876-1940), physicist
ROZHDESTVENSKY Dmitry Sergeevich (1876, St. Petersburg - 1940, Leningrad), physicist, member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1929). The husband of O.A. Dobiash-Rozhdestvenskaya. In 1900, he graduated from the University of St
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Shchekatikhina-Pototskaya A.V. (1892-1967), artist
SHCHEKATIKHINA-POTOTSKAYA (nee Shchekatikhina) Alexandra Vasilievna (1892-1967, Leningrad), porcelain artist, painter, graphic artist. She lived in St. Petersburg from 1908 and studied at the Drawing School of Artists Encouragement Fund under
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Somov K.A., (1869-1939), Artist
SOMOV Konstantin Andreevich (1869 - 1939, St. Petersburg) painter and graphic artist. Son of A. I. Somov. He studied at the Academy of Arts from 1888 to 1897, as well as teaching there. He was a member of the Academy from 1914
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The Arsenal (Monbijou) (an ensemble of the Alexander Park).
The pavilion Arsenal (Monbijou) is located in the Alexander Park of the town of Pushkin. During 1747-1750 in the center of the Menagerie architects S.I. Chevakinsky and F.-B
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Source: Tsarskoe Selo
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Vaulin P. K. (1870-1943), ceramist
VAULIN Peter Kuzmich (1870-1943), chemical engineer and ceramics artist. He worked in S. I. Mamontov's ceramic workshop in Abramtsevo near Moscow in 1890-1904. He then founded industrial workshops in Kikerino near St
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Vinogradov D.I., (1720-1758), chemist
VINOGRADOV Dmitry Ivanovich (1720-1758), chemist, ceramist, creator of Russian china. Studied chemistry, metallurgy and mining at the St. Petersburg Academic University and abroad
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Yusupov Family, Princes
YUSUPOV FAMILY, a family of princes of Nogay origin, who lived in Russia from the 16th century. Several family members were closely associated with St. Petersburg
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