Krasnogvardeysky District

Categories / City Topography/Historical Geography/City Districts (2003)
KRASNOGVARDEYSKY DISTRICT is an administrative territorial unit of St. Petersburg. (Its territory administration is located at 52 Sredneokhtinsky Avenue). It was established in 1973. It was named in honour of the Petrograd Red Guards. The district is located in the eastern part of St. Petersburg. It borders on Kalininsky District in the north-west, and with Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad region in the north and the east. Its southern part borders on Nevsky District, and its western border is marked with the Neva River. The area of the district is 56.9 sq.km with the population of 297,500 people (2003). It includes five municipal divisions: Polustrovo, Bolshaya Okhta, minicpal okrugs No.34 and No. 35, and Rzhevka. There are also 4 sub-districts: Bolshaya Okhta, Malaya Okhta, Polustrovo and Rzhevka-Porokhovye. The territory was developed along the Okhta River flowing through the district from north to south. The Swedish Castle Nyenschantz was located at the confluence of the Okhta River to the Neva River in the 17th century. The Okhta shipyard was founded at its place in the beginning of the 18th century. Workers' villages were built nearby. Up with the stream of the Okhta River there were constructed powder mills that were the basis of Okhta powder factories and the development of Powder villages. The largest artillery range in Russia was constructed in Rzhevskaya settlement at the eastern outskirts of the district in the end of the 19th century. The modern built up of the Okhta River banks is mostly industrial. In the end of the 19th century, the railway station of Irinovskaya narrow-gage road was built at the Neva bank. This road crossed the whole district east-west (dismantled in 1950s). In 1913, the connecting railway was laid north-south across the territory of the district which limited further development of this district. The construction of residential quarters in wastelands of Polustrovo to the north of Revolutsii Highway (former Porokhovskoe Highway) started in 1960s. The area of Rzhevka-Porokhovye was built up in 1970-80s. The vast territory to the north of Piskarevka railway line is occupied by the agricultural company Ruchiy and is still available for construction. The district houses Novocherkasskaya and Ladozhskaya metro stations. Ladozhsky Railway Station, trade and business centre are constructed next to the latter metro station. Rzhevka Railway Station is located in the line Finlyandsky Railway Station - Ladoga Lake. Main thoroughfares of the district include Alexander Nevsky Bridge, Bolsheokhtinsky Bridge, Krasnogvardeyskaya and Zanevskaya Squares, Zanevsky Avenue, Kosygina Avenue, Revolutsii Highway, Energetikov Avenue, Malookhtinsky Avenue, and Sverdlovskaya Embankment. Among industrial enterprises of the district are factories Plastpolimer, Sloistyie Plastici, Krasnoznamenets, Electropult, Piskarevo Milk Factory, and Polustrovo Mineral Water Plant. Higher education institutions include Mechnikov Medical Academy and Hydro-Meteorological University. The largest hotels of the district are Karelia, Deson-Ladoga and Okhtinskaya. The largest automobile trade and service centre is located in Energetikov Avenue. The city's crematorium is located in the territory of agricultural enterprise Ruchiy. During the siege of 1941-44, a part of the Road of Life passed through the district, and memorial distance marks remind us of that. Other historical monuments include the summer mansion of the Bezobrazov family Zhernovka and St. John the Baptist Church (1785), and monuments to Konstantin Grot and Ivan Mechnikov.

References: Даринский А. В. Невский край: С.-Петербург и Ленингр. обл.: Природа. Население. Хоз-во. Р-ны. СПб., 2000. С. 151-56; Памятники истории и культуры Санкт-Петербурга, состоящие под государственной охраной: Справ. СПб., 2000; Атлас исторического наследия Санкт-Петербурга. СПб., 2001; Историческая застройка Санкт-Петербурга: Перечень вновь выявленных объектов, представляющих ист., науч., худож. или иную культур. ценность (учетных зданий): Справ. СПб., 2001.

Е. А. Bondarchuk, P.Y. Yudin. Grot Konstantin Karlovich
Mechnikov Ilya Ilyich
Energetikov Ave/Saint Petersburg, city
Kosygina Ave/Saint Petersburg, city
Krasnogvardeiskaya Square/Saint Petersburg, city
Malookhtinsky Ave/Saint Petersburg, city
Revolyutsii Freeway/Saint Petersburg, city
Sredneokhtinsky Ave/Saint Petersburg, city, house 52
Sverdlovskaya Embankment/Saint Petersburg, city
Zanevskaya Square/Saint Petersburg, city
Zanevsky Avenue/Saint Petersburg, city
Полюстрово
Малая Охта
Калининский район
Ржевка-Пороховые
Красногвардейский район
Большая Охта
Даринский А. В. Невский край: С-Петербург и Ленингр. обл.: Природа. Население. Хоз-во. Районы. СПб., 2000
Атлас исторического наследия Санкт-Петербурга. СПб., 2001
Ленинград: Путеводитель / Сост.: В. А. Витязева, Б. М. Кириков. 2-е изд. Л., 1988
Памятники истории и культуры Санкт-Петербурга, состоящие под государственной охраной: Справ. СПб., 2000
Историческая застройка Санкт-Петербурга: Перечень вновь выявленных объектов, представляющих ист., науч., худож. или иную культур. ценность (учетных зданий): Справ. СПб., 2001
Лисовский В. Г. Ленинград: Р-ны новостроек. Л., 1983 Plastpolimer, plant (32 Polyustrovsky Avenue)
Mechnikov Medical Academy
Karelia Hotel
Siege of 1941-44
Road of Life
1973