Stalin I.V. (1878-1953), revolutionary, statesman

Categories / Social Life/Personalia
Categories / Capital/Personalia
STALIN (real name Dzhugashvili) Iosif Vissarionovich (1879 (according to other sources, 1878) - 1953), Soviet statesman and party figure. Hero of Socialist Labour (1939), Hero of the Soviet Union (1945), Generalissimo of the Soviet Union (1945). Graduated from Gori Theological Seminary (1894). Came to St Petersburg for the first time illegally in September 1911, was arrested and returned to Vologda, to which he had already been exile. Upon hearing of the co-option in absentia of the Central Committee and the Russian Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers" Party, he again escaped, arriving in St Petersburg in March 1912, but was again arrested and exiled. In September 1912, he escaped from exile again and came to St Petersburg, participating in the founding of the Pravda and Zvezda newspapers. In February 1913, he was arrested and exiled to the Turukhansky Region. After the February 1917 Revolution, he returned to Petrograd in March, entered the staff of the Russian Bureau of Central Committee of Russian Social-Democratic Workers" Party, and the Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet; in April 1917, he was chosen for Central Committee of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers" Bolshevik Party, and in June for the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. In August-October 1917, he was a member of the editorial board of Rabochy i Soldat, Proletary, Rabochy and Rabochy Put newspapers. On 10 (23) October 1917, he was elected to be a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers" Bolshevik Party. He was co-opted to the Military Revolutionary Centre then entered the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee. After October 1917, he became the People"s Commissar for National Affairs. In March 1918, along with all Soviet authorities, he moved to Moscow. In 1919, he was the Emergency Plenipotentiary of the Soviet of Workers" and Peasants" Defense in Petrograd (for fighting against the troops of General N. N. Yudenich, he was awarded with the Order of the Red Flag). From 1922, as Secretary General of the Central Committee of All-Union Communist Bolshevik Party, Stalin came to Leningrad several times. At his instruction, many of Leningrad"s citizens were persecuted on suspicion of involvement in the new opposition starting in 1926. Waves of terror periodically overwhelmed the city, including the assassination of S. M. Kirov in 1934 (see Kirov Stream), the Great Terror of the second half of the 1930s, and before, during, and after the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 (see Ethnic Deportation, Leningrad Case). In the 1930-50s, many institutions and city establishments bore Stalin"s name (including an administrative district and an avenue); after the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1961), all these names were abolished. In various years, Stalin lived at 16 Sampsonievsky Avenue; 5 Sapozhnikov (today Marshala Govorova Avenue) Lane; and 16 and 32 Shirokaya (today Lenina) Street.

References: Волкогонов Д. А. Триумф и трагедия: Полит. портрет И. В. Сталина: В 2 кн. М., 1989; Слассер Р. Сталин в 1917 году: Человек, оставшийся вне революции. М., 1989; Такер Р. Сталин: Путь к власти, 1879-1929: История и личность. М., 1990.

V. E. Bagdasarian. Kirov (real name Kostrikov) Sergey Mironovich
Stalin (real name Dzhugashvili) Iosif Vissarionovich
Yudenich Nikolay Nikolaevich
Bolshoy Sampsonievsky Ave/Saint Petersburg, city, house 16
Lenina St./Saint Petersburg, city, house 16
Lenina St./Saint Petersburg, city, house 32
Волкогонов Д. А. Триумф и трагедия: Полит. портрет И. В. Сталина: В 2 кн. М., 1989
Слассер Р. Сталин в 1917 году: Человек, оставшийся вне революции. М., 1989
Такер Р. Сталин: Путь к власти, 1879-1929: История и личность. М., 1990 Pravda (The Truth), newspaper
February Revolution of 1917
Kirovsky Stream
Deportations, ethnic
Leningrad Affair
1953