Возврат на главную страницу Возврат на главную страницу Возврат на главную страницу Возврат на главную страницу Возврат на главную страницу
Simple search
Source
 
 
 
Name
Address
Text
Person
Rubric
alphabet
Categories
Entries / Kresty Prison.

Kresty Prison.


Categories / City Administration/Police, Prisons

KRESTY (Crosses) (5-7 Arsenalnaya Embankment/ 8 Komsomola Street), a colloquial name of St. Petersburg solitary confinement prison. It was built in 1884-90 (architect A.O. Tomishko) on the site of Vinny (Wine) Settlement adapted for a prison for short-term prisoners in 1868 (architect V.P. Lvov). Two 5-storeyed cruciform in plan (hence the name) buildings comprise 960 cells assigned for 1150 persons. On the upper storey of the central building, five-domed St. Alexander Nevsky church is situated (closed down in 1918). Along with criminals, political prisoners sentenced to solitary confinement were kept here, (including members of Narodnaya Volya - V.I. Braudo, A.A. Ergin, M.S. Olminsky, V.P. Priyutov). At the time of the Revolution of 1905-07, Kresty were predominantly a political prison (among the prisoners were representatives of different political parties and organizations, members of St. Petersburg Soviet of working people' deputies, deputies of the 1st State Duma that had signed the Vyborg proclamation in 1906). On February 27, 1917 the insurgent workers from Vyborgskaya Side and soldiers of Petrograd garrison released all prisoners of Kresty. Following the July events of 1917, arrested Bolsheviks were put into Kresty (V.A. Antonov-Ovseenko, P.E. Dybenko, L.B. Kamenev, A.V. Lunacharsky, F.F. Raskolnikov, L.D. Trotsky and others), subsequently released in August - October of 1917. In the 1920s-early 1950s, numerous victims of mass repressions were kept in Kresty. In 1921, a concentration camp Kresty was situated here, in 1923, Petrograd district infirmary together with prison hospital, in 1937-53, the experimental-design bureau 172 ("a fly-by-night"), where naval armament was developed. Today Kresty is the preliminary isolation ward of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of St. Petersburg and Leningrad region.

References: Ольминский М. С. Три года в одиночной тюрьме (1896-1898 гг.). 2-е изд. М.; Пг., 1923; Гернет М. Н. История царской тюрьмы. 3-е изд. М., 1961. Т. 3. С. 377, 381-382; Федор Раскольников о времени и о себе: Воспоминания. Письма. Документы. Л., 1989. С. 208-261.

A. D. Margolis.

Persons
Antonov-Ovseenko Vladimir Alexeevich
Braudo V.I.
Dybenko Pavel Efimovich
Ergin Alexander Alexandrovich
Kamenev (Rozenfeld) Lev Borisovich
Lunacharsky Anatoly Vasilievich
Lvov Vladislav Pavlovich
Olminsky Mikhail Stepanovich
Priyutov Vasily Petrovich
Raskolnikov Fedor Fedorovich
Tomishko (Tomishka) Antony Osipovich (Iosifovich)
Trotsky (real name Bronstein) Lev Davidovich

Addresses
Arsenalnaya Embankment/Saint Petersburg, city, house 5
Arsenalnaya Embankment/Saint Petersburg, city, house 7
Komsomola St./Saint Petersburg, city, house 8

Bibliographies
Гернет М. Н. История царской тюрьмы. 3-е изд. М., 1961
Три года в одиночной тюрьме (1896-1898 гг.). 2-е изд. М.; Пг., 1923
Федор Раскольников о времени и о себе: Воспоминания. Письма. Док. Л., 1989

The subject Index
Revolution of 1905-07
State Duma

Chronograph
1890


Mentioned in articles (43)

Antonov-Ovseenko V.A. (1883-1939), revolutionary, political figure

ANTONOV-OVSEENKO (real name Ovseenko) Vladimir Alexeevich (1883-1938), revolutionary. Studied at Nikolaevsky Military Engineering school of St. Petersburg, in 1901 was sacked for his refusal to swear loyalty

Arsenalnaya Embankment

ARSENALNAYA EMBANKMENT on the right bank of the Neva River between Arsenalnaya Street and Akademika Lebedeva Street. It was so named in 1887 after Novy Arsenal Plant (today, Arsenal Joint-Stock Company situated in house 1)

"Brick Style"

"BRICK STYLE". The term used in Russian art-historical literature for a so-called rational trend in architecture from the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries

Dybenko P.E. (1889-1939), revolutionary, statesman

DYBENKO Pavel Efimovich (1889-1938), Soviet military officer and party figure. Army commander of the second rank (1935). In 1911 he was conscripted into the Baltic Fleet

February Revolution of 1917

FEBRUARY REVOLUTION OF 1917 is the Second Russian Revolution, which dethroned the Monarchy. Decisive events developed in Petrograd. On 23 February (8 March) 1917

Lunacharsky A.V. (1875-1933), revolutionary, statesman

LUNACHARSKY Anatoly Vasilievich (1875-1933), Soviet statesman and party figure, playwright, literary critic, Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1930)

Milyukov P.N. (1859-1943), statesman, historian

MILYUKOV Pavel Nikolaevich (1859-1943), statesman, historian, essayist, honorary doctor of Cambridge University (1916). He graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University in 1882. From 1886, he was a private tutor there

Nabokov Family

NABOKOV Family, noble family, known since the mid 17th century. Several family members are closely associated with St. Petersburg. Ivan Alexandrovich Nabokov (1787-1852, St Petersburg), Infantry General (1835), Adjutant General (1844)

Petrunkevich I. I. (1844-1928), public figure

PETRUNKEVICH Ivan Ilyich (1844-1928) was a public figure and statesman. He was a father-in-law of Countess S.V. Panina. On graduating from the Faculty of Law of St

Prisons (entry)

PRISONS. The first prison in St. Petersburg (Convict gaol, or Convict yard, until 1732 under the jurisdiction of the Admiralty) was built in 1706 in the area of present-day Truda square

Red Terror

RED TERROR, a policy of repression pursued by the Soviet government in its early years in order to frighten and kill actual and potential (often imaginary) opponents to the Bolshevik regime

"Sharashki"

"SHARASHKI", the name of secret research institutes or design institutions (Special Design Bureau, Technical Bureau, etc.), that functioned in 1931-55 in the system of the Joint State Political Administration Board of the People's Commissariat of

Victims of Political Repressions, Monuments,

MONUMENTS TO THE VICTIMS OF POLITICAL REPRESSIONS, the foundation stone of the monument To the Victims of Political Repressions in Petrograd -Leningrad was laid in 1990 on Revolyutsii Square that was given its historical name, Troitskaya Square

Vinaver M. M. (1863-1926), public figure

VINAVER Maxim Moiseevich (1862 or 1863-1926) was a public and political figure, and lawyer. On graduating from the Faculty of Law of Warsaw University (1886), he became an assistant to an attorney (from 1904 an attorney in St. Petersburg)

Voroshilov K.E. (1881-1969), statesman, marshal

VOROSHILOV Kliment Efremovich (1881-1969), Soviet statesman and military officer, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1935), Hero of the Soviet Union (1956, 1968), Hero of Socialist Labour (1960)





























About the project
Partners
Guest book
Rambler's Top100