Vyshnegradsky I.A., (1831-1895), scientist technologist, businessman, statesman

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VYSHNEGRADSKY Ivan Alexeevich (1831-95, St. Petersburg), statesman, scientist, businessman, Actual Privy Counsillor (1890), Honorary Member of Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1888). After graduating from the Department of Physics and Mathematics of the Major Pedagogical Institute (1851), he taught at various educational institutions. From 1875, he directed the Petersburg Technological Institute, where he trained an illustrious group of machine-building engineers. He developed the theory of automatic regulation. Member of the State Council from 1886. In 1887-88, he directed the Ministry of Finance, becoming Minister of Finance in 1888-92, and pursuing a protectionist policy to reinforce the country factory productiveness. A tough tax policy and export subsidies contributed to the eradication of the State budget deficit, growth of the gold reserve, strengthening of the rouble (which later ensured the success of S.Y. Witte's fiscal reform), and serious worsening of peasants' living conditions. He was buried at the St. Isidor Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

Reference: Степанов В. Л. Иван Алексеевич Вышнеградский // ОИ. 1993. № 4. С. 99-115.

V. S. Solomko. Vyshnegradsky Ivan Alexeevich
Witte Sergey Yulievich, Count
Степанов В. Л. Иван Алексеевич Вышнеградский // Отеч. история, 1993 Russian Academy of Sciences
Pedagogical University
State Institute of Technology, St. Petersburg
State Assembly
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Finance
Alexander Nevsky Lavra