Obukhovsky Plant

Categories / Economy/Industry
OBUKHOVSKY PLANT (129 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue), one of the largest defense sector companies of the country. Founded by engineers P. M. Obukhov and N. I. Putilov and merchant S. G. Kudryavtsev in 1863, the plant was intended to produce high-quality crucible steel using Obukhov's technology. The metal industry played the most important role in further work of the plant, which became a national center of metal science. It was named after Obukhov in 1869. Though the Navy became its official owner in 1886, it de facto owned the plant from the late 1860s. The plant manufactured various artillery systems for the Navy and the Army from light field artillery to heavy siege artillery and naval guns. The guns manufactured by Obukhovsky Plant were used by most of the Russian Navy and a significant part of the Army before World War I of 1914-18. The plant started manufacturing ammunition and armour plates in the 1890s. The plant also made cold arms, drawing instruments, turning tools, surgical aids, car axles, and steamboat shafts. Its products were awarded top prizes at 10 national and international fairs. After the October of 1917, the plant operated as a steam-locomotive and railway-carriage repair works and manufactured spare parts for locomotives and carriages. Renamed into Bolshevik in 1922, the plant supplied equipment for metallurgical works, as well as tubes, escalators, and tunnel shields for the Moscow Metro. Switched to repairing military equipment and manufacturing of guns and ammunition during World War II of 1941-45, the plant started developing and manufacturing the critically important parts for nuclear power stations and participated in a number of space programs after the end of the war. The plant regained its former name in 1992. It now supplies oil and minerals industries, power engineering, etc. and manufactures a full range of antenna units for military and commercial purposes. Obukhovsky Plant gave its name to the area and the railway station of Obukhovo.

References: Колчак В. И. История Обуховского сталелитейного завода в связи с прогрессом артиллерийской техники. СПб., 1903; Каптерев Н. А. Обуховский сталелитейный завод. СПб., 1913; Розанов М. Д. Обуховцы: История з-да "Большевик" (бывш. Обуховского сталелитейного з-да). Л., 1965.

V. S. Solomko. Kudryavtsev S.G.
Obukhov Pavel Matveevich
Putilov Alexey Ivanovich
Putilov Nikolay Ivanovich
Obukhovskoy Oborony Ave/Saint Petersburg, city, house 120
Обухово
Каптерев Н. А. Обуховский сталелитейный завод. СПб., 1913
Колчак В.И. История Обуховского сталелитейного завода в связи с прогрессом артиллерийской техники. СПб., 1903
Розанов М.Д. Обуховцы: История з-да "Большевик" (бывш. Обуховского сталелитейного з-да). Л., 1965 1864