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Menshikov Alexander Danilovich, Gracious Prince
serviceman , statesman
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Menshikov A.D. (1672/73-1729), governor general
MENSHIKOV Alexander Danilovich (1672 or 1673-1729), count (1702), Serene High Prince of Izhora (1707), a statesman and a military leader, Generalissimo (1727). Once a friend of the young Tsar Peter the Great's, later becoming his closest associate
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1710
11 June (24 June NS) . Peter I granted to his wife Catherine Alekseyevna a part of Menshikov's estates including the Saari grange. "His Majesty has deigned to grant Saari and Slavonic granges with villages
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Source: Tsarskoe Selo
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Admiralty
ADMIRALTY, in the 18-19 centuries - a place for the building and repairing of warships, provided with all the necessary equipment (dockyards, ship-ways, slipways, storehouses, workshops, etc.). In St
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Alexandria, palace and park ensemble (Peterhof)
ALEXANDRIA, palace and park ensemble of Peterhof located to the east of the Lower Park and occupying a territory of 115 hectares. Since 1711, the estate of A.D
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Bolshaya Neva
BOLSHAYA NEVA, the largest left branch of the the Neva river delta; a continuation of the Neva River below the Dvortsovaya Bridge. The Bolshaya Neva flows into the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland, in the area surrounded by Vasilievsky Island
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Catherine I (1684-1727), Empress
CATHERINE I (nee Marta Skavronskaya) (1684-1727, St. Petersburg), Empress (crowned in 1721), the second wife of Tsar Peter the Great (from 1712), mother of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna. After the death of her husband (1725) she was enthroned by A.D
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City Administration (entry)
CITY ADMINISTRATION. The system of City Administration in St. Petersburg from the beginning of the 18th century developed in 2 directions - the city government and self-government (see City self-government). From 1703 the city was governed by A. D
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Dance Classes (entry)
DANCE CLASSES, in the 18th century - classes and schools for dance training. Soon after Peter's introduction of the ballroom dances (in the early 18th century) into court ceremony dances became one of the most important cultural skills
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Devier A.M. General Policeman 1744-45
DEVIER (De Vierra) Anton Manuilovich (1682-1745, St. Petersburg), Count (1726), statesman and military officer, General-en-Chief (1744). He was a son of the baptized Jew from Portugal who settled in Holland
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Founding of St. Petersburg
FOUNDING OF ST. PETERSBURG. In May 1703, after the surrender of Nyenschantz, Tsar Peter the Great decided to build a fortress at the mouth of the Neva River on Zayachy Island
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French
FRENCH, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. French language is related to Romance group of Indo-European languages. Believers are mostly Catholics, while some are Reformists. French artisans appeared in St
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Izhora Plants
IZHORA PLANTS (1 Lenina Avenue, Kolpino), an open joint-stock company, which was founded in 1992. It originated from the Menshikov Izhora Sawmill, built in the early 18th century at the Izhora River
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Kolpino town
KOLPINO, a town, the centre of Kolpinsky District of St. Petersburg (since 1936), a station of Oktyabrskaya railway, 26 km to the south-east of St. Petersburg. It occupies the total area of 66 square km. The population is 142,800 people (2000)
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Krestovsky Island
KRESTOVSKY ISLAND (Cross Island), situated between the Srednaya Nevka River separating it from Elagin Island, the Malaya Nevka River separating it from Petrovsky Island, Petrogradsky Island, Aptekarsky Island
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Kronschlot
KRONSCHLOT, a sea fort, the first fortification of the Kronstadt Fortress. It was founded in the winter of 1703-04 on a shallow in the Gulf of Finland, south of Kotlin Island based on the designs of Tsar Peter the Great
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Kronstadt
KRONSTADT, a town on Kotlin Island, 32 kilometres west of Saint Petersburg. The town's history traces back to a sea fort called Kronslot built in the winter of 1703-04. By May 1704, two batteries were constructed along the south bank
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Libraries (entry)
LIBRARIES. The first library of St. Petersburg was founded in 1714 by the decree of Tsar Peter the Great as His Majesty’s Library; later on, it formed the basis of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Lomonosov, town
LOMONOSOV (until 1948 Oranienbaum), a town and municipal unit within Saint Petersburg, the centre of Lomonosovsky District of the Leningrad Region, located 32 kilometres southwest of the city centre on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland
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Menshikov Palace
MENSHIKOV PALACE (15 Universitetskaya Embankment), an architectural monument of late Peter's Baroque, the largest stone building of the first half of the 18th century in St. Petersburg. The building was constructed in 1710-1727 (architects D.M
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Museums (general article)
MUSEUMS. Russia's first public museums appeared in St. Petersburg. In 1702 Peter the Great issued first orders on collecting and exhibiting high-quality models and various rarities
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Newspapers (entry)
NEWSPAPERS, russian gazeta from Italian gazzetta - small coin. The first periodical, that appeared in St. Petersburg was the Vedomosti (11 May 1711; previously it was published in Moscow; until 1719 in St. Petersburg and Moscow; from 1719 only in St
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Oranienbaum, palace and park ensemble
ORANIENBAUM, a palace and park ensemble (Lomonosov town) that started to form during the first quarter of the 18th century, when the country estate of A.D. Menshikov appeared on the coast of the Gulf of Finland 44 kilometres from St. Petersburg
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Patronage of Art (entry)
PATRONAGE OF ART is disinterested financial and other forms of participation in the culture, science, and assistance to figures of science and culture. The beginning for patronage of art in St
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Peter II (1715-1730), Emperor
Peter II (1715-1730), Emperor (from 1727). Grandson of Emperor Peter the Great, son of Tsarevich Alexey Petrovich. He took the crown thanks to the interests of A.D
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Petergofskaya Road
PETERGOFSKAYA ROAD (Petergofskaya Pershpektiva), name of Narvskaya Road between St. Petersburg and Peterhof in the 18th century. The road ran along the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland in place of the present-day Staro-Petergofsky Avenue
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Rastrelli B. C. (1675-1744), sculptor
RASTRELLI, Bartolomeo Carlo de (1675-1744), sculptor, architect, carver, representative of the Baroque. Of Italian descent, studied in Florence. From 1698, worked in Rome, from 1700, in Paris. In 1716, he came to St
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Schluter A., (1659-1714), architect
SCHLUTER Andreas (1659-1714, St. Petersburg), sculptor, architect, designer. Studied and worked in Berlin, later in Warsaw. In 1713, by invitation of Peter the Great, came to St
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Senate and Synod Buildings
SENATE AND SYNOD BUILDINGS (1 and 3 Decabristov Square), architectural monuments of the late Neoclassical. This ground on the embankment of the Neva River was owned by A.D. Menshikov from the early 18th century, then by A.I
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St. Andrew’s Cathedral
ST. ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL, located at 21-23 Bolshoy Avenue, Vasilievsky Island, an architectural monument of the 18th century. It was erected in 1764-68 (by architects A. F. Wist, A. A
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Universitetskaya Embankment
UNIVERSITETSKAYA EMBANKMENT (prior the end of the 18th century, Kadetskaya Embankment, until 1887 - Bolshaya Neva River Embankment), is situated on the right bank of the Bolshaya Neva, between Birzhevaya Square and Sixth Line of Vasilievsky Island
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Ust-Izhora, settlement
UST-IZHORA, an urban settlement (1938), within the Kolpinsky District (1952), on the left bank of the Neva River, where it meets the Izhora River (hence the name)
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Vasileostrovsky District
VASILEOSTROVSKY DISTRICT is an administrative territorial unit of St. Petersburg. (Its territory administration is located at 55 Bolshoy Avenue of Vasilievsky Island) Its present-day borders were formed in 1917 (the western part was a separate
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Water Supply Services
WATER SUPPLY SERVICES. Since the very foundation of St. Petersburg the majority of the city population had provided their water supply on their own from the nearest water bodies; the residents of places located far from rivers and canals used the
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