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Archaeological Monuments in St. Petersburg and its Outskirts
ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS IN ST. PETERSBURG AND ITS OUTSKIRTS, including artefacts (man-made items), settlements and burial places. The oldest archaeological monuments on the territory of the region date back to the Mesolithic Period (before the
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Armenians
ARMENIANS, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The Armenian language belongs to the Armenian group of Indo-European language family. Believers are mainly Christians (Monofisits)
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Badaev Storage
BADAEV STORAGE, supply stores named after A.E. Badaev (5 Kievskaya Street), a number of wooden storage houses built in 1914 by the first-guild merchant Rasteryaev on an area of 27 hectares
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Belarusians
BELARUSIANS, an ethnic community within the St. Petersburg population. Belarusian is related to the Slavonic group of Indo-European languages. Most religious members of the community belong to the Russian Orthodox Church while some are Catholic
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Bourgeoisie
BOURGEOISIE, a social group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The permanent inhabitants of the city did not consist of seasonal labourers or merchants
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British
BRITISH, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The English language belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. Believers are Anglicans and representatives of various Protestant Churches
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Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress
Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress from 1761.
Nee Sophie Friederike Auguste, Princess von Anhalt-Zerbst . In 1744 she came into Russia being the bride of the Heir Grand Duke Peter Fiodorovich (the future
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City Archaeology
CITY ARCHAEOLOGY. A branch of archaeological research, developed in St. Petersburg (Leningrad) from the middle of the 20th century. Archaeological research in the city started with archaeological excavations conducted in 1952 by archaeologist A.D
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Civil Servants
CIVIL SERVANTS, a social-professional group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population, serving state institutions. In 1722 Emperor Peter the Great introduced a Table of Ranks
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Communities
Communities, an official or unofficial association of immigrants from any region, permanently or temporarily living in St. Petersburg. Their main aim is mutual help and interaction in a familiar cultural setting. In St
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Dutch
DUTCH, an ethnic community within the St. Petersburg population. The Dutch language is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. They are Protestant and Catholic (those living in St. Petersburg are mostly Protestant)
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Estonians
ESTONIANS, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The Estonian language refers to Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic languages. Believers practice Lutheranism. The first Estonians (retired soldiers) settled in St
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Evacuation of 1941-43
EVACUATION OF 1941-43. The relocation of people, equipment and capital from Leningrad during the Siege, conducted according to regulations set by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks) and the Soviet of People's
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Famine of 1941-42
FAMINE of 1941-42, one of the most tragic events in the history of St. Petersburg. The famine occurred during the Siege of 1941-44. Leningrad did not have enough food reserves before the war, and had for some time been supplied from outside the city
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Fedyuninsky I.I. (1900-1977), military commander, general
FEDYUNINSKY Ivan Ivanovich (1900-1977), Soviet military commander, General (1955), Hero of the Soviet Union (1939). From 1919 served in the Red Army. Participated in the Civil War
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Finns
FINNS, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The Finnish language is related to the Finno-Ugrian group of Uralic languages. Their faith is Lutheran
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Food Ration Norms
FOOD RATION NORMS fixed on 18 July 1941, at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, together with the introduction of ration cards. Sale norms were standardised for bread, grains, pasta, meat and meat products, fish, oil
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Foreigners in St. Petersburg (entry)
FOREIGNERS, from the 18th to the early 20th century, foreigners were an important element of the St. Petersburg population. Foreigners appeared in the city from the moment of its foundation
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French
FRENCH, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. French language is related to Romance group of Indo-European languages. Believers are mostly Catholics, while some are Reformists. French artisans appeared in St
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Georgi I. I., (1729-1802), Traveller, Ethnographer, Historian of St. Petersburg
GEORGI Ivan Ivanovich (Johann Gottlieb) (1729-1802, St. Petersburg), traveller, ethnographer, naturalist, Member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1783). Native of Germany, became a Collegiate Counsellor in 1799
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Germans
GERMANS, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. German language is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. Their religion is Lutheran (amongst the St. Petersburg population up to 90%) and Catholic
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Govorov L.A. (1897-1955), military commander, Marshal
GOVOROV Leonid Alexandrovich (1897-1955), military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1944), Hero of the Soviet Union (1945). In 1916 enrolled in Petrograd Polytechnic Institute
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Gumilev L.N., (1912-1992), historian
GUMILEV Lev Nikolaevich (1912, Tsarskoe Selo - 1992, St. Petersburg), orientalist, ethnographer, Ph.D. (Doctor of Historical Sciences, 1961; and Geographical Sciences, defended his thesis in 1974
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Ingermanland
INGERMANLAND (Swedish variant, Ingermanland; Russian variant, Izhorskaya Zemlya, or Ingria), a historic-cultural region including the Neva region, the Gulf of Finland shore, and the southwestern of Ladoga Region
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Intelligentsia
INTELLIGENTSIA, a social group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population, individuals engaged in intellectual work and possessing high educational qualifications (subdivided into creative work, science, and manufacturing)
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Italians
ITALIANS, an ethnic community forming a part of the St. Petersburg population. The Italian language belongs to the Romance group of Indo-European languages. Believers are Catholic
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Izhorians
IZHORIANS, ethnic community, descendants of the ancient population of Ingria. Their language is related to the Finno-Ugric group of Uralic language family. Divided from southern Karelian tribes in the end of the first millennium
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Jews
JEWS, an ethnic community within the St. Petersburg population. Hebrew is related to the Semitic group of Afrasian languages, Yiddish (was spread throughout the majority of eastern Russia) is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of
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Kirov S.M. the 1st secretary of the regional party committee in 1926-34
KIROV (born Kostrikov) Sergey Mironovich (1886-1934, Leningrad), statesman and party worker. He graduated from Kazan Elementary Mechanical-technical School (1904)
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Ko F.Kozlov F.R. the 1st secretary of the regional party committee in 1953-57
KOZLOV Frol Romanovich (1908-1965), Soviet Party worker and statesman, Hero of Socialist Labour (1961). After graduating from Leningrad Polytechnical institute (1936) he held engineering and technical positions at Izhevsky metallurgical works
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