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Officer Aeronautic School
OFFICER AERONAUTIC SCHOOL, a military school providing training for aeronautic officers and aviators. It was established in September 1910 on the basis of the Training Aviation Field with Major General A. M. Kovanko at the head
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Officers' House
OFFICERS’ HOUSE (20 Liteyny Avenue), a cultural educational establishment of the Russian Federation Ministry of Defence, and professional military servicemen’s club. Founded in 1918 as the Red Army House, it was given the name of S.M
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Oktyabrskaya Hotel
OKTYABRSKAYA HOTEL (until the 1890s, Znamenskaya Hotel, then through 1918, Bolshaya Severnaya Hotel; 10 Ligovsky Ave). The main building (118 Nevsky Prospect) was constructed at the same time as the Moscow Railway Station (architect N.E. Tfimov)
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Old Peterhof
OLD PETERHOF, the name of a part of Petrodvorets west of the Angliisky Park; also a railway station along the Saint Petersburg-Lomonosov line. In the 1970-80s, an academic training facility and one of Saint Petersburg State University's campuses
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Olenin A.N., (1763/64-1843), Historian, Artist, Statesman
OLENIN Alexey Nikolaevich (1763 or 1764-1843, St. Petersburg) statesman, archaeologist, philologist, graphic artist, member of the Russian Academy (1786), honorary member of the Academy of Arts (1804), president of the Academy of Arts (1817-43)
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Omnibus
OMNIBUS (lat. omnibus - for all), a multi-seater horse-powered vehicle, the first public city route of trackless transportation. First omnibuses started operating in the summer of 1830, running from St
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Opening of the Neva River for Navigation
OPENING OF THE NEVA RIVER FOR NAVIGATION, an official holiday from the beginning of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century, celebrating the Neva's clearing from ice and the beginning of the Neva Shipping
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Oranienbaum, palace and park ensemble
ORANIENBAUM, a palace and park ensemble (Lomonosov town) that started to form during the first quarter of the 18th century, when the country estate of A.D. Menshikov appeared on the coast of the Gulf of Finland 44 kilometres from St. Petersburg
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Oranienbaum, Park Museum
ORANIENBAUM, PARK MUSEUM, state in the town of Lomonosov, was established in 1918 in the territory of the palace and park ensemble of the same name. Oranienbaum was opened to visitors in 1922. The museum got its present-day name in 1993
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Orbeli L.A., (1882-1958), physiologist
ORBELI Leon (Levon) Abgarovich (1882-1958), physiologist, member (1935) and vice-president (1942-46) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, member of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1943)
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Orlov Family
ORLOV FAMILY, nobles, counts and princes, known since the 17th century. Brothers Grigory, Vladimir, Alexey and Fedor Orlov took an active part in the take-over of 28 June 1762
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Orlovsky B.I., (1796-1837), sculptor
ORLOVSKY (real name Smirnov) Boris Ivanovich (1796-1837), sculptor, adherent of Classicism. Born into a family of serfs. From 1809 studied in Moscow under S.P. Campioni, and from 1817 in St. Petersburg under A. Triscorni
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Orlovsky Park (Strelna)
ORLOVSKY PARK is a landscape park following English traditions. It was laid out in the first half of the 19th century (architect P. S. Sadovnikov) in the estate of Count A. F. Orlov in Strelna
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Osinovaya Roshcha (Aspen Grove)
OSINOVAYA ROSHCHA (Aspen Grove), a former settlement north of Pargolovo at the junction of the Vyborgskoe and Priozerskoe Highways. First records of Osinovaya Roshcha trace back to the late18th century
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Ostroumova-Lebedeva A.P., (1871-1955), Artist
OSTROUMOVA-LEBEDEVA Anna Petrovna (1871, St. Petersburg - 1955, Leningrad) graphic artist, aquarellist, people's artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1946), full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR (1949). She married S
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Ostrova, area
OSTROVA (Islands), general unofficial name of Elagin Island, Krestovsky Island and Kamenny Island (see articles), that was common in the 19th - early 20th centuries. In 1934-92, these islands were renamed Kirovskie (after S.M. Kirov)
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Ostrovskogo Square
OSTROVSKOGO SQUARE known as Alexandrinskaya Square before 1923, between Nevsky Prospect and Zodchego Rossi Street. It was renamed after playwright A. N. Ostrovsky (1823-86). The square was designed by architect K. I
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Otsup P.A. (1883-1963), photographer
OTSUP Peter Adolfovich (1883, St. Petersburg 1963), photographer, initiator of Russian photo reporting. In 1890s he worked as a pupil in a photo studio. From 1900, he worked as photographer for journals Ogonyok, Solntse Rossii, Niva, Nash Vestnik
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Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
OTT INSTITUTE OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, a research institute situated at 3 Mendeleevskaya Street. It was founded in 1797 on the initiative of Empress Maria Fedorovna as the Midwifery Institute named the Imperial Midwifery Institute from 1828
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Our Lady’s Church of Joy for All Who Sorrow
OUR LADY’S CHURCH OF JOY FOR ALL WHO SORROW, located at 24 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue, was built in 1894-98 in the Muscovite style (architects A.I. von Gogen and A.V
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Our Lady’s Church of Joy for All Who Sorrow
OUR LADY’S CHURCH OF JOY FOR ALL WHO SORROW, located at 35a Shpalernaya Street. Constructed in 1817-18, in a late Classicist style (architect L. Rusca), replacing the Holy Resurrection Church built in 1711 at the palace of Tsarina Natalya Alexeevna
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Page Corps
PAGE CORPS (The Imperial Page Corps), a closed privileged military educational institution, which trained pupils for court, military and civil service. It was based in 1759 as a court school for the preparation of pages (situated at 33 Millionnaya
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Pakhomov A.F., (1900-1973), Artist
PAKHOMOV Alexey Fedorovich (1900-1973, Leningrad) graphic artist, painter, people's artist of the USSR (1971), full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR (1964). Lived in Petrograd from 1915
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Pakulin V.V. (1900-1951), artist
PAKULIN Vyacheslav Vladimirovich (1900-1951, Leningrad), painter, graphic artist, theatre artist. He studied at the Central School of Technical Drawing (1916-18, 1920-22) under V.N. Solovyev, V.B. Guretsky, and I.S
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Palace Coups (entry)
PALACE COUPS is a term used for coups of the state from the 18th to the beginning of the 19th centuries, in which persons not possessing a formal right to Imperial power usurped it
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Palace for Young Creativity
PALACE FOR YOUNG CREATIVITY (until 1990 - Leningrad City Pioneer Palace, to 1991 - Leningrad City Palace of Youth Creativity) (39 Nevsky Prospect), opened on 12.2
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Palace Grenadiers Company
PALACE GRENADIERS COMPANY, a special honour military unit, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Imperial Court. The company was formed in 1827 and staffed with enlisted guards who had distinguished themselves in the course of the Patriotic
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Palace Square
PALACE SQUARE, St. Petersburg's main square, the traditional location for city-wide festivities, and is part of the central square system of the Neva River's left bank
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Palaces and Houses of Culture (entry)
PALACES AND HOUSES OF CULTURE, multifunctional club-type recreation centres, assigned to professional associations and factory workers' leisure organizations. They were established in Leningrad from the 1920s
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Palaces for Weddings and Birth Registration
PALACES FOR WEDDINGS AND BIRTH REGISTRATION. The first wedding palace in Russia was opened in Leningrad in 1961, with the purpose of giving a more ceremonial and festival character to the formal and official procedure of registering "changes in
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