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Chkheidze N.S. (1864-1926), a revolutionary, chairman of Petrograd Soviet in 1917

CHKHEIDZE Nikolay Semenovich (party pseudonym Carlo) (1864-1926), political figure. After graduating from Kutaisi gymnasia (1887) he entered Novorossiisk University (Odessa), but was soon expelled due to his participation in students' disorders

Cholera Riot 1831

CHOLERA RIOT 1831, disturbances by ordinary people connected with the appearance of cholera, a formerly unknown disease in St. Petersburg. The central events of the Cholera Revolt occurred on Sennaya Square and at Sennoy Market on 14 February 1831

Choreographic Miniatures, ballet theatre

CHOREOGRAPHIC MINIATURES, ballet theatre. Established in 1969 on the base of the Chamber Ballet, under artistic director L.V. Yakobson. Yakobson's productions, created specially for the troupe

Christ the Saviour Church

CHRIST THE SAVIOUR CHURCH, located at Novo-Admiralteisky Canal Embankment, at the corner of Angliiskaya Embankment. The common name of the Church of Our Saviour, constructed in memory of sailors

Chukhonka, river

CHUKHONKA, a river in the north-west of St. Petersburg, on Krestovsky Island. It was known from 1762 as the Chukhonskaya River, to assume the present-day name in the 19th century

Chukovskaya L.K. (1907-1996), writer

CHUKOVSKAYA Lidiya Korneevna (1907, St. Petersburg - 1996), prose writer, critic, and author of memoirs. She was the daughter of K.I. Chukovsky. She spent her childhood years in Kuokkala (see her books To the Memory of Childhood: Memoirs of K

Chukovsky K.I. (1882-1969), writer

CHUKOVSKY Korney Ivanovich (real name Nikolay Vasilievich Korneychukov) (1882, St. Petersburg - 1969), a children's poet, critic, literary expert and translator. He was the father of L.K. Chukovskaya. Chukovsky came to St. Petersburg in 1904

Chulkov M.D. (1743/44-1792), writer

CHULKOV Mikhail Dmitrievich (1743 or 1744-1792) writer. He did not receive a systematic education. He was in St. Petersburg in 1761-83; it was here that his literary activity started

Church of Our Lady of Vladimir

CHURCH OF OUR LADY OF VLADIMIR, located at 20 Vladimirsky Avenue. An architectural monument in a transition style merging Baroque with Classicism. The church was constructed on a trade square in 1761-69, presumably to the project of architect P. A

Church of St. Elijah the Prophet

CHURCH OF ST. ELIJAH THE PROPHET at Porokhovye, 75 Revolyutsii Highway, an architectural monument of the Classicist style, built in 1781-85 (the architect is unknown)

Church of St. Nicholas of Myra

CHURCH OF ST. NICHOLAS OF MYRA, located on the corner of Second Sovetskaya Street and Bakunina Avenue. It was constructed in 1913-15 in the Novgorod-Pskov style (architect S. S. Krichinsky)

Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross

CHURCH OF THE EXALTATION OF THE HOLY CROSS, located at 128 Ligovsky Avenue. An architectural monument. Constructed in 1747-49, in the Baroque style (architect I. Y. Schumacher). It replaced the wooden Church of St

Church of the Holy Sign

CHURCH OF THE HOLY SIGN in Tsarskoe Selo (2a Sadovaya Street, Pushkin), an architectural monument in the Baroque style of the reign of Anna Ioannovna. It was built according to the plans of architect M. G. Zemtsov with the assistance of I. Y

Church Press

CHURCH PRESS appeared in St. Petersburg after the organisation of the first printing presses, the first of which was established at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1720

Cinema

CINEMA. The first Russian cinema show was held on 4 May 1896 at Aquarium, a St. Petersburg entertainment venue, showing the Brothers Lumiere's program of films

Cinemas (entry)

CINEMAS. The first film shows in St. Petersburg were held in 1896. In the early, so-called "slapstick" period of cinematography history, films were shown in restaurants, skating rinks, cafes and became a part of theatre performances

Cinizelli's Circus

CINIZELLI'S CIRCUS, the first stationary circus in St. Petersburg. It was founded by the Italian circus actor and entrepreneur G. Cinizelli (1815-1881). In 1869 the circus family of Cinizelli, touring Russia, joined K

Circle of Artists, Creative Association

CIRCLE OF ARTISTS, also known as the Circle Society of Artists, a creative association made up of graduates of the Higher Art and Technical Institute under the Central Technical Drawing School and the Academy of Arts

Circle of Lvov and Derzhavin

CIRCLE OF LVOV AND DERZHAVIN, a union of writers, artists and composers formed at the end of the 1770s round N. A. Lvov. The staff of its participants was determined by the unity of aesthetic views, friendly and blood relations

Circus (entry)

CIRCUS. The establishment of circuses in St. Petersburg was preceded by traditional Russian amusements and games where trained animals took part in the fun. In the first years of the city's live bear-baiting (bear comedies) appeared in St

Citizens, Literary Group

CITIZENS, a literary group which appeared at the end of 1964 with the intention of preparing a collection of prose under the same name. The participants were: V. V. Vakhtin, V. A. Gubin, I. M. Efimov, V. R. Maramzin

City Administration (entry)

CITY ADMINISTRATION. The system of City Administration in St. Petersburg from the beginning of the 18th century developed in 2 directions - the city government and self-government (see City self-government). From 1703 the city was governed by A. D

City Archaeology

CITY ARCHAEOLOGY. A branch of archaeological research, developed in St. Petersburg (Leningrad) from the middle of the 20th century. Archaeological research in the city started with archaeological excavations conducted in 1952 by archaeologist A.D

City Clock

CITY CLOCK. The very first mechanical clock in the city was installed in 1704 in the tower of wooden St. Peter and Paul Cathedral. In 1710, the first striker clock (with chimes) was set up on the belfry of the Church of St

City Connoisseurs' Club

CITY CONNOISSEURS' CLUB, a non-governmental organisation, bringing together lovers of St. Petersburg history. The club was established in 1980 on the initiative of I. A. Martynenko, senior consultant of the All-Russian Monument Protection Society, M

City Duma

CITY DUMA, administrative body of the city government. It was instituted in 1786 by Cities letter of grant (1785). City Duma was in charge of the city economy, taxes and levies, trade, medicine, education etc

City Emergency Commission

CITY EMERGENCY COMMISSION on the ascertainment and investigation of the fascist agressors and their confederates' crimes and the damage caused by them to organizations

City Gardens (entry)

CITY GARDENS are landscape architectural monuments. In contrast to city parks, in the process of planting and arranging the gardens, the original fauna and character of the area are almost completely lost

City Guards

CITY GUARDS, the name of the lowest ranks of police holding duty in the streets; the name was used from the first quarter of the 19th century along with the name of booth-guards. After the division of St

City Hall

CITY HALL, Mayor’s Office in 1991-96, successor of the Executive Committee of Leningrad Soviet of Working People’s Deputies. By order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic adopted on May 20

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