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Real Schools (entry)
REAL SCHOOLS, incomplete secondary or secondary education institutions providing general and special courses with an emphasis placed on natural sciences and mathematics. The first Real department was opened in St
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Rech (The Speech), newspaper
RECH (The Speech), daily newspaper on politics, economics and literature, operated as the central organ of the Constitutional Democratic Party (the Cadets). The paper appeared from February of 1906
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Red Guards
RED GUARDS, the main organization of the working class' armed forces in Petrograd at the time of the 1917 Revolution and the first period of the Civil War. The first Red Guards detachments were created in Petrograd factories after the February
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Red Terror
RED TERROR, a policy of repression pursued by the Soviet government in its early years in order to frighten and kill actual and potential (often imaginary) opponents to the Bolshevik regime
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Reference and Standard Plans (entry)
REFERENCE AND STANDARD PLANS. Used since St. Petersburg's first founding years to erect residential and service buildings. Because of a lack of materials, in the 1700s-10s, most cottages were from plastered bricks or logs
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Reference and Statistical Publications of St. Petersburg and the Region (entry)
REFERENCE AND STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS of St. Petersburg, the Region and Eparchy. Special reference books on St. Petersburg and region were not yet in circulation in the 18th century, information and statistical data on St
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Reformed School
REFORMED COLLEGE, Reformed Church College situated at 38 Moika River Embankment, a secondary education institution founded in 1818 by St. Petersburg's reformed community on the basis of a boarding school managed by pastor J
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Regel E. (1815-1892), landscape architect
REGEL Eduard-Avgust Ludwigovich (1814-1892), botanist, gardener, Associate Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1875). Graduated from the Gott Gymnasium (Germany) and from the University of Bonn
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Regiment Settlements (entry)
REGIMENT SETTLEMENTS are places for compact billets of guard regiments inside the city limits in the 18th - early 19th century. They were built in 1739-43 under regular designs specially provided for this purpose (usually the planning included an
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Regimental Holidays
REGIMENTAL HOLIDAYS, in pre-revolutionary Russia holidays of military units, celebrated on the patron saint's day of the church of a military unit (see Military Chapels) or (in rare cases) on the anniversary day of its foundation
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Regimental Museums (entry)
REGIMENTAL MUSEUMS, historical memorial museums attached to guards and army regiments, stationed in St. Petersburg and its suburbs. They emerged in the middle of the 18th century as a relic depository within regiment churches (see Military Churches)
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Regional Economic Problems, Institute for
REGIONAL ECONOMIC PROBLEMS, Institute for, located at 50а Serpukhovskaya Street, was established in 1975 as the Institute of Social and Economic Problems (ISEP) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR as a result of uniting of several scientific
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Regional Study (entry)
REGIONAL STUDY, integrated study of a country or region and its lore. Regional study of St. Petersburg originates from the descriptions of the northern capital presented in the 18th - 19th centuries
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Relief
RELIEF. Despite having a general plain character, its flatness and large built up areas, the relief of St. Petersburg is diverse and full of contrasts. The highest peaks in the southwest of the city reach 176 meters
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Religious and Philosophical Assemblies
RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASSEMBLIES, held from November 1901 to April 1903 in the hall of the Russian Geographical Society at 2 Chernysheva Square (today, Lomonosova Square). They were started on the initiative of D. S. Merezhkovsky, Z. N
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Religious Philosophical Seminar
RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHICAL SEMINAR was an informal union of Leningrad creative intelligentsia who were interested in the study of religion and Russian religious philosophy. The seminar was first held in 1974, its organizer and head was philosopher T.M
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Religious schools
RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS, general education institutions for working-class children and adults in the second half of the 19th - the early 20th centuries, with classes generally held on Sundays
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Remizov A.M. (1877-1957), writer
REMIZOV Alexey Mikhailovich (1877-1957), writer. In 1896-97 he studied at the department of natural sciences of the Mathematical Faculty of the University of Moscow. He was expelled for the participation in a student’s demonstration and was exiled
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Remizov (Re-Mi) N.V. (1887-1975), artist
REMIZOV (alias Re-Mi, real name Vasilyev) Nikolay Vladimirovich (1887, St. Petersburg 1975), graphic artist, painter, theatre artist. He studied in the Academy of Arts (1908-16) under Dmitry Kardovsky (1908-16)
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Repin Academic Institute Of Painting, Sculpture And Architecture, St. Petersburg State
REPIN ACADEMIC INSTITUTE OF PAINTING, SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE, ST. PETERSBURG STATE, located at 17 Universitetskaya Embankment is the oldest Russian institution of higher artistic education
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Repin I.E., (1844-1930), Artist
REPIN Ilya Efimovich (1844-1930) was an artist, graphic artist and teacher. He lived in St. Petersburg from 1863. He studied at the School of Drawing at the Artists Encouragement Fund in 1863 under I. N
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Repina Square
REPINA SQUARE (in the middle of the 19th century - Kalinkinskaya Square), between Rimskogo-Korsakova Avenue and embankments of the Fontanka River and Griboedova Canal
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Repino, settlement
REPINO, a former settlement, known as Kuokkala until 1948; became a municipal unit within the Kurortny District in 1998; 37 kilometres northwest of Saint Petersburg, in a resort area on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland; also a train station
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Research and Study Centre of Physics and Technology Institute
RESEARCH AND STUDY CENTRE (8 Khlopina Street), educational institution with a continuous education system following the scheme "school - institute of higher education - postgraduate course - doctorate"
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Resettlement of 1944-45
RESETTLEMENT OF 1944-45, the return back to Leningrad of population and material values that were evacuated in 1941-43. The resettlement was launched after the Lifting of the Siege (January 1944), when about 600,000 people were living in the city
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Residency Provision Supply Board
RESIDENCY PROVISION SUPPLY BOARD, an administrative committee in charge of apartments and other units pertaining to the police, agency of State administration. It was founded according to the Regulations for the capital city St
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Residential Blocks (entry)
RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS, a site development system typical for new city districts built in the 1920-30s. Due to an acute demand for accommodations in the mid-1920s, individual home building was replaced by residential blocks - a new type of city
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Restaurants (entry)
RESTAURANTS, appeared in St. Petersburg in the early 19th century. The first "auberge," also called a tavern (see Traktirs), was located at the Hotel du Nord on Ofitserskaya Street, and was considered a "restaurant" in 1805
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Restoration Workshops and Organizations
RESTORATION WORKSHOPS AND ORGANIZATIONS. Restoration work in St. Petersburg has developed since the end of the 19th century. The reconstruction of historical and cultural monuments was first considered by the Imperial Archaeological Commission
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Resurrection, circle of
RESURRECTION (the circle of А. А. Meyer) was a religious philosophical circle. It emerged at the end of 1917, and united philosophers, professionals, representatives of creative intelligentsia — members of the Religious Philosophical Society
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