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The subject index / Townspeople (Posadsky)

Townspeople (Posadsky)


Categories / Population/Social Classes

TOWNPEOPLE (POSADSKY), name of the taxpayer populations (including St. Petersburg) in the 17th - the early 18th century. From 1721 townspeople were officially named "citizens", divided on regular lines of status - individuals possessing capital, artisans or representatives of professions (traders, doctors), and irregular lines - individuals of hired labour, receiving income from tilling the land. However, the term “posadsky” continued to be used. Regular citizens (merchants) were divided into three guilds, depending on status, and artisans were divided by their specialties. In 1775 townspeople (citizens) were divided into 3 classes: merchants, bourgeoisie and artisans. The number of townspeople of Russian descent present in the city in the first half of the 18th century was unknown: in 1737 there were a total of 4,769 Orthodox townspeople (the entire Orthodox community consisted of 68,000 people). By the late 18th century the term "posadsky" was slowly dropping out of use. The memory of those townspeople has been saved in the names of Bolshaya Posadskaya and Мalaya Posadskaya streets (on the Petrograd Side).

Reference: Семенова Л. Н. Быт и население Санкт-Петербурга (XVIII в.). М.; СПб., 1998. С. 5-28.

A. Y. Chistyakov.

Addresses
Bolshaya Posadskaya St./Saint Petersburg, city
Malaya Posadskaya St./Saint Petersburg, city

Bibliographies
Семенова Л. Н. Быт и население Санкт-Петербурга (XVIII в.). М.; СПб., 1998

The subject Index
Handicraft (overview)
Merchants
Bourgeoisie



Merchants

MERCHANTS, a social group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population, individuals engaged in trade and industrial activities. In the first half of the 18th century merchants came in among the "planted people

Population (entry)

POPULATION of St. Petersburg is the second largest in the Russian Federation after Moscow. From the 18th to the start of the 20th centuries the population continually grew: in 1725 - 40,000 people, in 1750 - 74,000; in 1800 - 220,000; in 1818 - 386

Revised Censuses

REVISED CENSUSES, a census of the taxpayers of Russia (including St. Petersburg) in the 18th to the 1st half of the 19th centuries. The revisions counted the number of peasants, townspeople, but did not include women or non tax-payers