Forts

Рубрикатор / Architecture/Architectural Monuments/Fortresses and Forts
FORTS. Fortifications in the area of the Gulf of Finland, built with the purpose of guarding approaches by the enemy to the Kronstadt Fortress. The first Kronschlot sea fort was opened in 1704. In 1722, the Citadel fort was erected on a crib foundation. At the beginning of the 19th century, it was connected to Kotlin Island by an isthmus; it was reconstructed, faced with granite and was named Emperor Peter I. From 1840-1860s, forts were erected from granite, stone and brick on beam foundations, and were named Emperor Alexander I, Emperor Pavel I, and Konstantin. In the second half of the 19th century, under the supervision of the military engineer E. I. Totleben, Forts №s 1-7 in the north and №s 1-3 on the southern fairways were erected instead of temporary batteries. At the beginning of the 20th century, the northernmost forts were erected above Kronstadt, including the Obruchev and Totleben forts. In 1908-16, the fort Ino was built on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland; the forts Red Mountain and Grey Horse were erected on the southern shore. In 1941-1944, artillery forts supported the armies protecting the Oranienbaum beachhead. In 1957, because of the disbandment of the Kronstadt Fortress, all remaining forts were disarmed.

Е. А. Bondarchuk, P. Y. Yudin. Totleben Eduard Ivanovich
Kronstadt Fortress
Kronstadt Fortress
Kronstadt Fortress
Kronschlot
Oranienbaum Bridgehead