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Persons / Alexander I, Emperor statesman
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Alexander I, Emperor (1777-1825)

ALEXANDER I (1777, St. Petersburg - 1825), Emperor (since 1801). Son of Emperor Paul I and Empress Maria Fedorovna. Brought up by his grandmother, Empress Catherine II

1792-1796

The Alexander Palace was constructed by Giacomo Quarenghi for Grand Duke Alexander ( the future Emperor Alexander I), the beloved grandson of Empress Catherine II
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1793

May. Poem "Cupid and Psychea" of G.R.Derzhavin, adapted for the music by the court musician V.A. Pashkevich, in honour of the betrothal of Grand Duke Alexander Pavlovich with Grand Duchess Elizabeth Alekseyevna, Princess of Baden
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1796

6 July. Ceremony of the baptism of Grand Duke Nicholas Pavlovich, the future Emperor Nicholas I, took place in the Palace Church of the Resurrection of Christ. 12 June
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1808

29 August. His Majesty Alexander I approved the "Decree About Joining the Town of Sophia with Tsarskoye Selo". Uyezd offices were moved into Tsarskoye Selo. The staff of the town police was approved. The architect V.I
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1816

April. One of the "Cavaliere Houses", at the corner of Sadovaya Street and Leontyevskaya Street, was given to N.M. Karamzin, the writer, poet, literary critic, he was honoured with the title Historiographer
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1820

12 May. In the Catherine Palace was a fire having damaged the part of the Main halls and the Church of the Resurrection of Christ, in the presence of Emperor Alexander I
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1821

May. Alexander I received the certain memo of A.Kh. Benkendorf about the secret societies and this memo was without
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

1823

18 August. Emperor Alexander I signed the Manifesto about the succession to the throne by Grand Duke Nikolai Pavlovich and ordered to keep this Manifesto secret in the Uspensky Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin for the "poste restante"
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

A living house of the Fridental colony (a house of A. Kemper) with the garden

The Tsarskoye Selo colony Fridental was founded by immigrants from the duchy of Berg ruined by the war. On colonists elected deputy Abram Kemper’s petition submitted to Alexander I in 1816
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

Alexander Column

ALEXANDER COLUMN (Alexandriisky Pillar), a monument to the victory over Napoleon in the Patriotic War of 1812 standing on Palace Square. It was named in honour of Emperor Alexander I. It was constructed in 1830-1834 (architect A.A. Montferrand)

Alexander Palace (Pushkin)

ALEXANDER PALACE (Pushkin), an architectural monument in Neoclassical style; constructed in 1792-96 (architect G. Quarenghi); located on the territory of the Alexander Park

Alexandrovsky Park (Pushkin)

ALEXANDROVSKY PARK (Pushkin), a landscape architecture monument, situated west of Ekaterininsky Park. The park is a part of Tsarskoe Selo palace and park ensemble. Alexandrovsky Park covers an area of 120 hectares

Anichkov Palace

ANICHKOV PALACE (39 Nevsky Prospect), monument of Baroque architecture. Built in 1741-54 (architect M.G. Zemtsov, G.D. Dmitriev, F. Rastrelli) near Anichkov Bridge (hence the name)

Anniversaries of Petersburg (centenary, bicentenary, two hundred fiftieth anniversary, tercentenary)

ANNIVERSARIES OF ST. PETERSBURG. St. Petersburg's first anniversary celebration (the city's centenary) took place in 1803. Celebrations started on the morning of 16 May 1803

Arakcheev A.A. (1769-1834), statesman

ARAKCHEEV Alexey Andreevich (1769-1834), count (1799), statesman and military commander, artillery general (1807). Graduated from the Artillery Engineering Gentry Cadet Corps in St

Architectural Styles (entry)

ARCHITECTURAL STYLES, recognizable systems of architectural compositional techniques, forms and decor, whose differences are caused by social and cultural environment, aesthetic preferences and the type of architectural culture of a particular epoch

Arkharov N.P., Governor General in 1795-97

ARKHAROV Nikolay Petrovich (1740-1814), statesman, Infantry General (1796). In 1755 he was enlisted in Preobrazhensky Life Guard Regiment. In 1772-82, he was Moscow Chief Policeman, in 1782-84, he was Moscow Civil Governor, in 1784-96

Assembly of Nobility

ASSEMBLY OF NOBILITY, St. Petersburg provincial corporate social class organisation of St. Petersburg Province nobility, founded on the basis of the Charter of Nobility dated 21 April 1785; its aim was to ensure class unity and rights of nobility

Balashov A.D., Governor General in 1809-10

Balashov (Balashev) Alexander Dmitrievich (1770-1837, Kronstadt), statesman, Infantry General (1823), Adjunct General (1809). He was brought up in the Corps of Pages, from 1791, he was in military service

Barclay de Tolli M.B. (1757-1818), military commander, Field Marshal-General

BARCLAY DE TOLLI Mikhail Bogdanovt (Michael Andreas) (1757-1818), prince (1815), military leader and field marshal general (1814). From 1776 served with the Russian Army, took part in wars against Turkey (1787-91) and Sweden (1788-90 and 1808-09)

Beggrow C. P. (1799-1875), Artist

BEGGROW Carl Petrovich (1799 - 1875, St. Petersburg) lithographer and artist. He is a father of A. C. Beggrow. Studied at the Academy of Arts under M. N. Vorobyev (1818-21; a member of the Academy from 1832)

Benckendorff A. K. (1781-1844), statesman

BENCKENDORFF (v. Benckendorff) Alexander Khristoforovich (Konstantin Alexander Karl Wilhelm Christopher) (1781, St. Petersburg 1844), Count (1832), statesman and military officer, Infantry General, Cavalry General (1829), honorary member of the St

Biblical Society

BIBLICAL SOCIETY, a religious public organization engaged in translating, publishing and distributing the Holy Scriptures in Russia. The St. Petersburg biblical society was founded in 1812 (opened in January 1813) as a subsidiary of the British

Bird Charles, (1766-1843), engineer, entrepreneur

BIRD Karl Nikolaevich (Charles) (1766-1843, St. Petersburg), engineer and entrepreneur. A native of Scotland, he lived in Russia from 1786, serving as an assistant to K. K. Gascoigne at Alexandrovsky Gun Works in Petrozavodsk until he moved to St

Cavaliers’ houses

Four Cavaliers’ houses were built in 1752-1753 to the design of S.I. Chevakinsky according to Empress Elizabeth’s order given in 1748 about building dwelling houses in Sadovaya Street for arriving “cavaliers”
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

Chichagov V.Y.(1728-1809) Admiral

CHICHAGOV Vasily Yakovlevich (1728-1809, St. Petersburg), Admiral. Graduated from the School of Mathematics and Navigational Sciences (1742), completed an internship in the British Navy, from 1745 served in the Baltic Fleet

Decembrist Revolt of 1825

DECEMBRIST REVOLT OF 1825, the first overt armed revolt against autocracy and the ownership of serfs in Russia. It was prepared by the Northern Decembrist Society

Decembrists

DECEMBRISTS, members of secret societies, mainly, Guard officers and Masonic lodge members, who excited a rebellion against autocracy and serfdom in December 1825 (hence the name). Many of the future Decembrists were born in St

Dow George, (1781-1829), artist

DOW George (1781-1829), an English painter, honorary associate of the Academy of Arts from 1820. He studied under T. Lawrence in the Royal Academy of Arts in London from 1796 to 1810. Invited by Emperor Alexander I, he lived in St

Drinking Establishments

DRINKING ESTABLISHMENTS. Special places where alcoholic beverages are sold to be drunk on the premises appeared in St. Petersburg in the first years of its existence

Elagin Island, ensemble

English Club

ENGLISH CLUB, English assembly, one of the first club-type establishments in Russia. It was founded on March 12, 1770 at Her Majesty Catherine II's pleasure by English entrepreneurs F. Gardner and C. Gardiner

Golenischev-Kutuzov P.V., Governor General 1825-30

GOLENISCHEV-KUTUZOV Pavel Vasilievich (1772-1843, St. Petersburg), Count (1832), statesman and military figure, General of Cavalry (1826), Adjunct General (1810). He was brought up in the Corps of Pages, from 1794, he served in Cavalry Guards

Gonzaga P. (1751-1831), artist, decorator

GONZAGA. Gonzago Peter Fedorovich (Pietro di Gottardo) (1751-1831, St. Petersburg), theatrical designer, painter, decorator, architect, theorist, honorary free member of Academy of Arts (1794). Studied in Venice and Milan. Came to St

Grand Princes' Palaces and Mansions (entry)

GRAND PRINCES' PALACES AND MANSIONS, St. Petersburg buildings, specially built or acquired for members of the Imperial family - children and grandchildren of the Emperor (except for the eldest son, the successor to a throne

Karamzin N.M., (1766-1826), historian, writer

KARAMZIN Nikolay Mikhailovich (1766-1826, St. Petersburg), writer, critic, historian, honorary member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1818). He studied in a Moscow Boarding School. In 1782-84 he served with the Guards in St. Petersburg

Kochubey V.P. (1768-1834), statesman

KOCHUBEY Viktor Pavlovich (1768-1834), Prince (1831), statesman, Chancellor for Internal Affairs (1834), Honorary Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1818). Maternal nephew of Prince A. A. Bezborodko, riding on his coattails

Konstantin Pavlovich (1779-1831),Grand Prince

KONSTANTIN PAVLOVICH (1779, Tsarskoe Selo - 1831), Grand Prince, Tsesarevich (Crown Prince) (from 1799). Second son of Emperor Pavel I. From 1797, Inspector General of the whole Cavalry, from June 1798 also Chief Commander of the Cadet Corps

Krasny Kabachok, tavern

KRASNY KABACHOK ("Red Pub"). A tavern located on the 7th Verst of Petergofskaya Road. Named after Krasnenkaya Road, it was located at the building constructed for Tsar Peter I in the early 18th century as a rest-stop on his way to Strelna and

Lobanov-Rostovsky D.I. (1758-1838), statesman

LOBANOV-ROSTOVSKY Dmitry Ivanovich (1758-1838, St Petersburg), Prince, statesman and military leader, Infantry General (1807). A descendant of the ancient line of Rurik Dinasty

Lomonosov Porcelain Factory

LOMONOSOV PORCELAIN FACTORY (LPF) (151 Obukhovskoy Oborony Anevue) is the largest porcelain factory in the country, leading manufacturer of decorative porcelain. The factory was established in 1744 as the Portselinovaya Manufactory

Maltese Order

MALTESE ORDER (the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Johnnits, hospitaliers, knights of Rodos), a monastic knightly order. It was named after the hospital (travelers’ home) in Jerusalem

Maria Fedorovna, (1759-1828), Empress

MARIA FEDOROVNA (1759-1828, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1796). Nee Sophie Dorothea Auguste Louise, Princess of Wurttemberg. She was Emperor Pavel I's second wife (from 1776)

Martos I.P., (1754-1835), sculptor

MARTOS Ivan Petrovich (1754-1835, St. Petersburg), sculptor, follower of Classicism. Studied at the Academy of Arts (1764-73) under L. Rolland and N.F. Gillet, and received a retainer from the Academy of Arts to study in Italy (1774-1790

Masonic Lodges

MASONIC LODGES, associations (meetings) of the followers of the religious-ethical doctrine (masonry), urging people to unite on the principles of equality, mutual aid and fraternal love

Menagerie (an ensemble of the Alexander Park)

The oldest part of the park, founded as the Menagerie, occupied more than a half of the Alexander Park territory. The area for the Menagerie has been chosen as early as 1710
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

Montferrand A.A. (1786-1858), architect

MONTFERRAND Auguste Augustovich (Henri Louis Auguste Leger Richard) (1786-1858, St. Petersburg), architect, actual state counsellor (1858), honorary associate of the St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts

Monuments to the War of 1812-1814

MONUMENTS TO THE WAR OF 1812-1814, memorial constructions in honour of Russia's military victories during the Patriotic War of 1812 and the campaigns of 1813-14 against Emperor Napoleon I concluding with allied troops marching into Paris on 19 March

Muravyev M.N. (1757-1807), poet

MURAVYEV Mikhail Nikitich (1757-1807, St. Petersburg), writer, statesman, Privy Councilor (1800), Fellow of the Russian Academy (1804). Father of two Decembrists, N.M. Muravyev and A.M. Muravyev

Naryshkin Family

NARYSHKIN FAMILY, a noble family, known since the 15th century, came to prominence after the marriage of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina, mother of Peter the Great, in 1671

Nativity of St. John the Baptist Church

NATIVITY OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST CHURCH, located at 7 Kamennoostrovsky Avenue. An architectural monument, built on Kamenny Island in 1776-78. The construction of a red brick church in Neo-Gothic style by architect Y. M

Neoclassicism

NEOCLASSICISM (from the Latin сlassicus - exemplary), the style in art and architecture, based on the cult of reason and ideal order, the antique heritage being its source

Nicholas I, Emperor (1796-1855)

NICHOLAS I (1796, Tsarskoe Selo - 1855, St. Petersburg), Emperor (from 1825). Emperor Pavel I and Empress Maria Fedorovna's third son. Married the Princess of Prussia (1817), who took the name of Alexandra Fedorovna

Nikolay Mikhailovich (1859-1919), Grand Prince

NIKOLAY MIKHAILOVICH (1859, Tsarskoe Selo - 1919, Petrograd), Grand Prince, general of infantry (1913), adjutant general (1903), honorary member of Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1898)

Oldenburgsky Family

OLDENBURGSKY (v. Oldenburg), dukes and princes, the junior branch of a German landed estate. Several members of the family lived in Russia. George Ludwig Prince of Schleswig-Holstein (died 1763), Emperor Peter III"s uncle

Orlovsky B.I., (1796-1837), sculptor

ORLOVSKY (real name Smirnov) Boris Ivanovich (1796-1837), sculptor, adherent of Classicism. Born into a family of serfs. From 1809 studied in Moscow under S.P. Campioni, and from 1817 in St. Petersburg under A. Triscorni

Palace Coups (entry)

PALACE COUPS is a term used for coups of the state from the 18th to the beginning of the 19th centuries, in which persons not possessing a formal right to Imperial power usurped it

Pavel (Paul) I (1754-1801), Emperor

PAVEL (PAUL) I (1754, St. Petersburg - 1801), Emperor (from 1796). Son of Emperor Peter III and Catherine II. His first wife was Augusta Wilhelmina Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt (Natalia Alexeevna upon conversion to Orthodoxy) (1755-76); his second

Pavlovsk, Palace and Park Ensemble

PAVLOVSK, the palace and park ensemble in the town Pavlovsk, is one of the biggest landscape parks in Europe. Its total area is 600 hectares. In 1777, the estate located here was presented by Empress Catherine II to her son Prince Pavel Pavlovich on

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